The multifaceted antibacterial mechanisms of the pioneering peptide antibiotics tyrocidine and gramicidin S
dc.contributor.author | Wenzel, Michaela | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Rautenbach, Marina | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Vosloo, J. Arnold | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Siersma, Tjalling | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Aisenbrey, Christopher H. M. | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Zaitseva, Ekaterina | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Laubscher, Wikus Ernst | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Van Rensburg, Wilma | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Behrends, Jan C. | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Bechinger, Burkhard | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Hamoen, Leendert W. | en_ZA |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-10-17T08:46:11Z | |
dc.date.available | 2019-10-17T08:46:11Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2018-10-09 | |
dc.description | CITATION: Wenzel, M., et al. 2018. The multifaceted antibacterial mechanisms of the pioneering peptide antibiotics tyrocidine and gramicidin S. mBio, 9(5):e00802-18, doi:10.1128/mBio.00802-18. | |
dc.description | The original publication is available at https://mbio.asm.org | |
dc.description.abstract | ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Cyclic β-sheet decapeptides from the tyrocidine group and the homologous gramicidin S were the first commercially used antibiotics, yet it remains unclear exactly how they kill bacteria. We investigated their mode of action using a bacterial cytological profiling approach. Tyrocidines form defined ion-conducting pores, induce lipid phase separation, and strongly reduce membrane fluidity, resulting in delocalization of a broad range of peripheral and integral membrane proteins. Interestingly, they also cause DNA damage and interfere with DNA-binding proteins. Despite sharing 50% sequence identity with tyrocidines, gramicidin S causes only mild lipid demixing with minor effects on membrane fluidity and permeability. Gramicidin S delocalizes peripheral membrane proteins involved in cell division and cell envelope synthesis but does not affect integral membrane proteins or DNA. Our results shed a new light on the multifaceted antibacterial mechanisms of these antibiotics and explain why resistance to them is virtually nonexistent. IMPORTANCE Cyclic β-sheet decapeptides, such as tyrocidines and gramicidin S, were among the first antibiotics in clinical application. Although they have been used for such a long time, there is virtually no resistance to them, which has led to a renewed interest in this peptide class. Both tyrocidines and gramicidin S are thought to disrupt the bacterial membrane. However, this knowledge is mainly derived from in vitro studies, and there is surprisingly little knowledge about how these long-established antibiotics kill bacteria. Our results shed new light on the antibacterial mechanism of β-sheet peptide antibiotics and explain why they are still so effective and why there is so little resistance to them. | en_ZA |
dc.description.uri | https://mbio.asm.org/content/9/5/e00802-18 | |
dc.description.version | Publisher's version | |
dc.format.extent | 20 pages | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation | Wenzel, M., et al. 2018. The multifaceted antibacterial mechanisms of the pioneering peptide antibiotics tyrocidine and gramicidin S. mBio, 9(5):e00802-18, doi:10.1128/mBio.00802-18 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 2150-7511 (online) | |
dc.identifier.other | doi:10.1128/mBio.00802-18 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106659 | |
dc.language.iso | en_ZA | en_ZA |
dc.publisher | American Society for Microbiology | en_ZA |
dc.rights.holder | Authors retain copyright | en_ZA |
dc.subject | Tyrocidines | en_ZA |
dc.subject | Antibiotics | en_ZA |
dc.subject | Peptide antibiotics | en_ZA |
dc.subject | Bacterial cell surfaces | en_ZA |
dc.title | The multifaceted antibacterial mechanisms of the pioneering peptide antibiotics tyrocidine and gramicidin S | en_ZA |
dc.type | Article | en_ZA |