Epidemiology and Biostatistics
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COVID-19 and routine childhood immunization in Africa : leveraging systems thinking and implementation science to improve immunization system performance
(Elsevier, 2020-06-24)One of the routine health services that is being disrupted by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Africa is childhood immunization. This is because the immunization system relies on functioning health facilities and ... -
A scoping review of spatial analysis approaches using health survey data in Sub-Saharan Africa
(MDPI, 2020-04)Spatial analysis has become an increasingly used analytic approach to describe and analyze spatial characteristics of disease burden, but the depth and coverage of its usage for health surveys data in Sub-Saharan Africa ... -
Better virological outcomes among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) initiating early antiretroviral Tteatment (CD4 Counts ≥500 Cells/µL) in the HIV Prevention Trials Network 071 (PopART) trial in South Africa
(Oxford University Press, 2020-01-16)Background: There have been concerns about reduced adherence and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virological suppression (VS) among clinically well people initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) with high pre-ART CD4 ... -
Epidemiology of multimorbidity among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa : a systematic review protocol
(BMJ Publishing, 2020-12)Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa remains the epicentre of the HIV pandemic, yet enormous knowledge gaps still exist to elicit a comprehensive portrait of multimorbidity and HIV linkage. This study aims to conduct a systematic ... -
Evidence synthesis workshops : moving from face-to-face to online learning
(BMJ Publishing, 2021-10)Postgraduate training is moving from face-to-face workshops or courses to online learning to help increase access to knowledge, expertise and skills, and save the cost of face-to-face training. However, moving from ... -
Clinical practice guideline adaptation methods in resource-constrained settings : four case studies from South Africa
(BMJ Publishing, 2020-12)Developing a clinical practice guideline (CPG) is expensive and time-consuming and therefore often unrealistic in settings with limited funding or resources. Although CPGs form the cornerstone of providing synthesised, ... -
An empirical comparison of time-to-event models to analyse a composite outcome in the presence of death as a competing risk
(2020)Introduction: Competing risks arise when subjects are exposed to multiple mutually exclusive failure events, and the occurrence of one failure hinders the occurrence of other failure events. In the presence of competing risks, ... -
A comparison of trauma scoring systems for trauma-related injuries presenting to a district-level urban public hospital in Western Cape, South Africa
(Medpharm, 2020-03)BACKGROUND: Trauma is a major public health issue and has an extensive burden on the health system in South Africa. Many trauma scoring systems have been developed to estimate trauma severity and predict mortality. The ... -
Optimisation and benchmarking of analytical approaches to estimation of population level HIV incidence from survey data
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2022-04)ENGLISH SUMMARY: Disease prevalence (the proportion of a population with a condition of interest) is conceptually and procedurally much more straightforward to estimate than disease incidence (the rate of occurrence of new ... -
Impact of Xpert MTB/RIF assay on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcomes in a health district in South Africa
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2019-04)Background. Xpert MTB/RIF assay rapidly diagnoses rifampicin resistance, enabling early initiation of second-line tuberculosis (TB) treatment. However, the impact of an earlier multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) diagnosis on ... -
Laboratory biomarkers of COVID-19 disease severity and outcome : findings from a developing country
(Public Library of Science, 2021-03)Aim: To identify laboratory biomarkers that predict disease severity and outcome among COVID-19 patients admitted to the Millennium COVID-19 Care Center in Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among ... -
Establishment of outbreak thresholds for Hepatitis A in South Africa using laboratory surveillance, 2017–2020
(MDPI, 2021)As South Africa transitions from endemic to intermediate endemicity, hepatitis A surveillance needs strengthening to monitor trends in disease incidence and to identify outbreaks. We used passive laboratory-based surveillance ... -
Glycated haemoglobin threshold for dysglycaemia screening, and application to metabolic syndrome diagnosis in HIV-infected Africans
(Public Library of Science, 2019)Background: Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) test has been increasingly promoted as an alternative to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to diagnose dysglycaemia but its performance in HIV-infected ... -
The incidence and mortality of yellow fever in Africa : a systematic review and meta‑analysis
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019)Background: Understanding the occurrence of yellow fever epidemics is critical for targeted interventions and control efforts to reduce the burden of disease. We assessed data on the yellow fever incidence and mortality ... -
Acute pain in the African prehospital setting : a scoping review
(Hindawi, 2019)Background. Acute pain is a common reason for seeking prehospital emergency care. Regrettably, acute pain is often underestimated and poorly managed in this setting. The scoping review was conducted to gain insight into ... -
It’s the network, stupid : a population’s sexual network connectivity determines its STI prevalence
(F1000Research, 2019)There is little consensus as to why sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV and bacterial vaginosis (BV) are more prevalent in some populations than others. Using a broad definition of sexual network connectivity ... -
Intervention for alcohol use disorders at an HIV care clinic in Harare : a pilot and feasibility study
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019)Background: Alcohol use in HIV infected patients is associated with risky sexual behaviour, poor adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, treatment failure and increased physiologic harm. The objectives of the ... -
Effects of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive adults on new HIV infections among young women : a systematic review protocol
(BMC, 2019-03-05)Background: The HIV/AIDS pandemic has struck regions, countries, and populations in different ways. With the introduction of antiretroviral drugs, people living with HIV (PLHIV) have a much better prognosis, even though ... -
Maintaining relevance in HIV systematic reviews : an evaluation of Cochrane reviews
(BMC, 2019)Background: Research turnover in the HIV field is rapid, and as a result, maintaining high-quality, up-to-date, and relevant systematic reviews is a challenge. One approach is to frequently update published reviews. Methods: ... -
Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis and its associated risk factors in the emerging dairy belts of regional cities in Ethiopia
(Elsevier, 2019)Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) has become an economically important disease in dairy herds found in and around Addis Ababa City and is emerging in regional cities like Gondar, Hawassa and Mekelle because of the establishment ...
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