Epidemiology and Biostatistics
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Establishment of outbreak thresholds for Hepatitis A in South Africa using laboratory surveillance, 2017–2020
(MDPI, 2021)As South Africa transitions from endemic to intermediate endemicity, hepatitis A surveillance needs strengthening to monitor trends in disease incidence and to identify outbreaks. We used passive laboratory-based surveillance ... -
Glycated haemoglobin threshold for dysglycaemia screening, and application to metabolic syndrome diagnosis in HIV-infected Africans
(Public Library of Science, 2019)Background: Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) test has been increasingly promoted as an alternative to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to diagnose dysglycaemia but its performance in HIV-infected ... -
The incidence and mortality of yellow fever in Africa : a systematic review and meta‑analysis
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019)Background: Understanding the occurrence of yellow fever epidemics is critical for targeted interventions and control efforts to reduce the burden of disease. We assessed data on the yellow fever incidence and mortality ... -
Acute pain in the African prehospital setting : a scoping review
(Hindawi, 2019)Background. Acute pain is a common reason for seeking prehospital emergency care. Regrettably, acute pain is often underestimated and poorly managed in this setting. The scoping review was conducted to gain insight into ... -
It’s the network, stupid : a population’s sexual network connectivity determines its STI prevalence
(F1000Research, 2019)There is little consensus as to why sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV and bacterial vaginosis (BV) are more prevalent in some populations than others. Using a broad definition of sexual network connectivity ... -
Intervention for alcohol use disorders at an HIV care clinic in Harare : a pilot and feasibility study
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019)Background: Alcohol use in HIV infected patients is associated with risky sexual behaviour, poor adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, treatment failure and increased physiologic harm. The objectives of the ... -
Effects of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive adults on new HIV infections among young women : a systematic review protocol
(BMC, 2019-03-05)Background: The HIV/AIDS pandemic has struck regions, countries, and populations in different ways. With the introduction of antiretroviral drugs, people living with HIV (PLHIV) have a much better prognosis, even though ... -
Maintaining relevance in HIV systematic reviews : an evaluation of Cochrane reviews
(BMC, 2019)Background: Research turnover in the HIV field is rapid, and as a result, maintaining high-quality, up-to-date, and relevant systematic reviews is a challenge. One approach is to frequently update published reviews. Methods: ... -
Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis and its associated risk factors in the emerging dairy belts of regional cities in Ethiopia
(Elsevier, 2019)Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) has become an economically important disease in dairy herds found in and around Addis Ababa City and is emerging in regional cities like Gondar, Hawassa and Mekelle because of the establishment ... -
Ambient air pollution and health in Sub-Saharan Africa : current evidence, perspectives and a call to action
(Elsevier, 2019)Background: People from low- and middle-income countries are disproportionately affected by the global burden of adverse health effects caused by ambient air pollution (AAP). However, data from Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are ... -
Hepatitis B sero-prevalence in children under 15 years of age in South Africa using residual samples from community-based febrile rash surveillance
(Public Library of Science, 2019-05-31)Introduction and methods: Hepatitis B is a vaccine preventable disease and is notifiable in South Africa. Hepatitis B vaccination was incorporated into the Expanded Programme on Immunisation in South Africa in 1995. We ... -
Hepatitis A virus seroprevalence in South Africa - Estimates using routine laboratory data, 2005–2015
(Public Library of Science, 2019-06-26)Introduction: South Africa is considered highly endemic for hepatitis A virus (HAV) although few seroprevalence studies have been conducted over the past two decades. The World Health Organization recommends integrating ... -
A multilevel analysis of the determinants of missed opportunities for vaccination among children attending primary healthcare facilities in Kano, Nigeria : findings from the pre-implementation phase of a collaborative quality improvement programme
(Public Library of Science, 2019-07-10)Background: We aimed to determine the factors that are responsible for missed opportunities for vaccination (MOV) among children aged 0–23 months attending primary health care (PHC) facilities in Nassarawa, Kano State, ... -
Adherence to isoniazid preventive therapy among child contacts in Rwanda : a mixed-methods study
(Public Library of Science, 2019-02-11)Background: The World Health Organization recommends isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for six months for child contacts without tuberculosis (TB), who are exposed to an adult with active TB. The effectiveness of IPT ... -
Determinants of poor adherence to antiretroviral treatment using a combined effect of age and education among human immunodeficiency virus infected young adults attending care at Letaba Hospital HIV Clinic, Limpopo Province, South Africa
(Pan African Medical Journal, 2019-01-18)Introduction: sustained viral suppression using antiretroviral treatment (ART) occurs with adherence to treatment of at least 95%. Non-adherence promotes the development of drug-resistance and treatment failure in individuals ... -
Global, regional, and national burden of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, 1990–2016 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
(Elsevier, 2019-11-26)Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) are increasingly recognised as global health priorities in view of the preventability of most injuries and the complex and expensive medical care they ... -
Combination antiretroviral treatment use in prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes : 6-week HIV prevalence and relationship to time of antiretroviral treatment initiation and mixed feeding
(AOSIS, 2019)Background: In Zimbabwe, 16% of pregnant women aged 15–49 years are infected with HIV. More than 90% of HIV infection in children is through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). We investigated the effectiveness of the ... -
Dzherelo (Immunoxel) as adjunctive therapy to standard antituberculosis treatment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis : a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2021-05-26)Background: Dzherelo (Immunoxel) is one of the few approved immunomodulators that has been shown to produce positive treatment outcomes in patients with tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness ... -
Effect of community-based interventions targeting female sex workers along the HIV care cascade in sub-Saharan Africa : a systematic review and meta-analysis
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2021-05-06)Background: Female sex workers are extremely vulnerable and highly susceptible to being infected with human immunodeficiency virus. As a result, community-based targeted interventions have been recommended as one of ... -
A Retrospective study of the pre-hospital trauma burden managed by the Western Cape Government Emergency Medical Services
(Emergency Care Society of South Africa, 2021)Background: Trauma is one of the leading causes of premature death and disability in South Africa. There is a lack of data describing the pre-hospital trauma burden in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to describe the ...
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