Masters Degrees (Sociology and Social Anthropology)

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Browsing Masters Degrees (Sociology and Social Anthropology) by browse.metadata.advisor "Cornelissen, Scarlett"

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    Informal housing in Cape Town : delivery, formalization and stakeholder viewpoints
    (Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009-03) Tredoux, Marius (Marius Jacobus); Bekker, S. B.; Cornelissen, Scarlett; University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Sociology and Social Anthropology.
    The City of Cape Town is estimated to host approximately three million people. Of those three million, it is also estimated that 22 percent are living in what could be considered informal dwellings. In 2000, one of the United Nations Millennium Development Declaration goals for 2020 was ‘to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers as proposed in the Cities without slums initiative.’ The South African government took this initiative on board and has set a goal of eradicating all informal settlements in South Africa by 2014. There is thus a process of formalization currently taking place in South Africa. In Cape Town however, there is currently a backlog of between 300 000 to 400 000 households and this number is growing The issue of housing delivery, not only in Cape Town, but world-wide, is an aspect that attracts lots of discussion. The viewpoints on how to approach formal urban housing delivery vary from a state-led approach, to a more participatory process, to rental options, or even that informal settlements should be left as they are, as part of a city’s social fabric. But why do these viewpoints differ? And how do these divergent viewpoints influence approaches to housing delivery? In this study I will answer, ‘How stakeholders in the housing delivery process view informal settlements, and when there are divergent viewpoints, why do they differ’? Four groups of stakeholders in Cape Town were identified, namely government officials, contractors/developers, researchers and residents of informal settlements. Interviews were conducted with the stakeholders on an individual level except for the residents of informal settlements where focus groups where held in two informal settlements.
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    Making the connection : the inclusion of information and communication technology in Western Cape Municipal integrated development plans
    (Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006-04) De Waal, Liezel; Bekker, S. B.; Cornelissen, Scarlett; University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Sociology and Social Anthropology.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study examines the Western Cape municipal Integrated Development Plans (IDPs) and questions whether these IDPs include Information and Communication Technology (ICT) initiatives that promote development. IDPs are used by municipalities as multi-sectoral plans that provide situation analyses of municipal areas and determine development priorities in municipal areas. These development priorities must be met within certain budget and time constraints. Globalisation and the technological revolution have led to the rapid development and convergence of technology. Technology, such as the Internet and cellular telephones, has had various influences on society. One of these influences includes the possible application of ICT for the purpose of development. Therefore both IDPs and ICT can be applied for developmental purposes. The study thus brings together two seemingly unrelated concepts, namely Integrated Development Plans and Information and Communication Technology and aligns them with one another through the concept of development. The study includes three main objectives. Firstly, the Integrated Development Plans of the municipalities in the Western Cape were examined to ascertain whether these municipalities address ICT in their IDPs. Secondly, the nature of the ICT initiatives was determined. This refers to whether the ICT initiatives are for use in the community or for use in the municipality. Finally, a framework was developed, which includes the classification of the different types of municipalities, together with the different types of ICT initiatives. Recommendations were made based on this framework. The various theoretical issues discussed in this study include the transformation of local government in South Africa and the establishment of developmental local government. Various issues concerning the use of ICT for development are also discussed and they include the ‘Information Society’, the ‘Digital Divide’ and ICT for development. This discussion emphasises that success of ICT initiatives for development depends on the nature of the underlying policy agenda; this agenda must be demand-driven and pro-poor.