Bacterial dysbiosis and translocation in psoriasis vulgaris
Date
2019-02-04
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Frontiers Media
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin condition, associated with both a
physical and a psychological burden. Our understanding of the etiology of this disease
remains incomplete. Conventionally, psoriasis has been viewed as a condition that
manifests solely in the skin. However, the systemic inflammatory nature of this disease
has been confirmed by the presence of a wide array of dysregulated cytokines and
inflammatory markers in the serum of these patients. Both dysregulated gut and skin
microbiomes have been found in association with psoriasis. An evident association
also exists between inflammatory bowel disease and this condition. Regarding the skin
microbiome, changes have been observed in the relative abundance of Firmicutes,
Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. Additionally, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus
spp. were detected more frequently in lesional skin. Alterations in the gut microbiome
have been characterized by a decrease in the Bacteroidetes phylum and an increase in
the Faecalibacterium genus. We suggest that dysbiosis of the skin and gut microbiota
may contribute to psoriasis, by promoting the translocation of microbes from these sites
into the bloodstream. Consistent with the Iron Dysregulation and Dormant Microbes
hypothesis, these microorganisms are in a physiologically dormant state, but may be
awakened periodically and shed their cell wall components, such as lipopolysaccharide
and lipoteichoic acid. Both of these inflammagens may contribute significantly to
maintaining a chronic inflammatory state in the host, such as is seen in individuals
diagnosed with psoriasis.
Description
CITATION: Visser, M. J. E.; Kell, D. B. & Pretorius, E. 2019. Bacterial dysbiosis and translocation in psoriasis vulgaris. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 9:7. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00007
The original publication is available at https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology#
The original publication is available at https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology#
Keywords
Psoriasis -- Genetic aspects, Inflammation -- Diagnosis, Bacteria -- Physiology, Dysbiosis, Gut microbiome, Skin microbiome, Bacterial translocation
Citation
Visser, M. J. E.; Kell, D. B. & Pretorius, E. 2019. Bacterial dysbiosis and translocation in psoriasis vulgaris. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 9:7. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00007