The implications of copper fungicide usage in vineyards for earthworm activity and resulting sustainable soil quality

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dc.contributor.authorEijsackers H.
dc.contributor.authorBeneke P.
dc.contributor.authorMaboeta M.
dc.contributor.authorLouw J.P.E.
dc.contributor.authorReinecke A.J.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T16:01:36Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T16:01:36Z
dc.date.issued2005
dc.description.abstractTo investigate the impact of copper-containing fungicides (copper oxychloride) on earthworms in South African vineyards, field inventories of earthworms in and between vine rows were carried out and compared to directly adjacent grassland. Also copper content, pH, organic matter content, and soil porosity were determined in these soils. This was combined with laboratory experiments to study the impact of vineyard soil characteristics on the burrowing and dispersal behavior of earthworms. Moreover, the direct toxic action of copper oxychloride on different endpoints of the earthworms (survival and growth) was studied. Copper oxychloride had a negative impact on these endpoints (decreased growth and survival related to increased copper body content) as well as on the behavioral aspect (decreased burrowing rate and avoidance of copper-containing soil). Moreover, there was an inverse relation between burrowing activity and soil bulk density that could also be related to the copper content. This may lead to a decrease in sustainable soil quality in vineyards. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
dc.description.versionArticle
dc.identifier.citationEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety
dc.identifier.citation62
dc.identifier.citation1
dc.identifier.issn1476513
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.02.017
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/12058
dc.subjectcopper
dc.subjectsoil organic matter
dc.subjectbehavioral response
dc.subjectearthworm
dc.subjectecotoxicology
dc.subjectfungicide
dc.subjectnontarget organism
dc.subjectvineyard
dc.subjectacute toxicity
dc.subjectanimal behavior
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectavoidance behavior
dc.subjectbody burden
dc.subjectbulk density
dc.subjectearthworm
dc.subjectecotoxicology
dc.subjectfungicidal activity
dc.subjectgrassland
dc.subjectgrowth inhibition
dc.subjectlaboratory test
dc.subjectnonhuman
dc.subjectpH measurement
dc.subjectporosity
dc.subjectsoil quality
dc.subjectsurvival rate
dc.subjectvineyard
dc.subjectviniculture
dc.subjectAgriculture
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectBehavior, Animal
dc.subjectConservation of Natural Resources
dc.subjectCopper
dc.subjectFungicides, Industrial
dc.subjectOligochaeta
dc.subjectPorosity
dc.subjectSoil
dc.subjectSoil Pollutants
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjectToxicity Tests
dc.subjectVitis
dc.subjectAfrica
dc.subjectEastern Hemisphere
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjectSouthern Africa
dc.subjectSub-Saharan Africa
dc.subjectWorld
dc.subjectPheretima sieboldi
dc.titleThe implications of copper fungicide usage in vineyards for earthworm activity and resulting sustainable soil quality
dc.typeArticle
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