Metabolic differentiation in biofilms as indicated by carbon dioxide production rates

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dc.contributor.authorBester E.
dc.contributor.authorKroukamp O.
dc.contributor.authorWolfaardt G.M.
dc.contributor.authorBoonzaaier L.
dc.contributor.authorLiss S.N.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T15:56:31Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T15:56:31Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.description.abstractThe measurement of carbon dioxide production rates as an indication of metabolic activity was applied to study biofilm development and response of Pseudomonas sp. biofilms to an environmental disturbance in the form of a moving air-liquid interface (i.e., shear). A differential response in biofilm cohesiveness was observed after bubble perturbation, and the biofilm layers were operationally defined as either shear-susceptible or non-shear-susceptible. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and image analysis showed a significant reduction in biofilm thickness and biomass after the removal of the shear-susceptible biofilm layer, as well as notable changes in the roughness coefficient and surface-to-biovolume ratio. These changes were accompanied by a 72% reduction of whole-biofilm CO2 production; however, the non-shear-susceptible region of the biofilm responded rapidly after the removal of the overlying cells and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) along with the associated changes in nutrient and O2 flux, with CO2 production rates returning to preperturbation levels within 24 h. The adaptable nature and the ability of bacteria to respond to environmental conditions were further demonstrated by the outer shear-susceptible region of the biofilm; the average CO2 production rate of cells from this region increased within 0.25 h from 9.45 ± 5.40 fmol of CO2 · cell -1 ·; h-1 to 22.6 ± 7.58 fmol of CO 2 ·cell-1 ·h-1 when cells were removed from the biofilm and maintained in suspension without an additional nutrient supply. These results also demonstrate the need for sufficient monitoring of biofilm recovery at the solid substratum if mechanical methods are used for biofouling control. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
dc.description.versionArticle
dc.identifier.citationApplied and Environmental Microbiology
dc.identifier.citation76
dc.identifier.citation4
dc.identifier.issn992240
dc.identifier.other10.1128/AEM.01719-09
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/9893
dc.subjectBio-film thickness
dc.subjectBiofilm development
dc.subjectBiofouling control
dc.subjectBiovolumes
dc.subjectConfocal laser scanning microscopy
dc.subjectDifferential response
dc.subjectEnvironmental conditions
dc.subjectEnvironmental disturbances
dc.subjectExtracellular polymeric substances
dc.subjectMechanical methods
dc.subjectMetabolic activity
dc.subjectMoving air
dc.subjectNutrient supply
dc.subjectProduction rates
dc.subjectPseudomonas sp
dc.subjectRoughness coefficient
dc.subjectSolid substrata
dc.subjectBacteria
dc.subjectBiofilms
dc.subjectCarbon dioxide
dc.subjectConfocal microscopy
dc.subjectImage analysis
dc.subjectMetabolism
dc.subjectNutrients
dc.subjectPhase interfaces
dc.subjectBiofilters
dc.subjectcarbon dioxide
dc.subjectgreen fluorescent protein
dc.subjectrecombinant protein
dc.subjectbiofilm
dc.subjectbiofouling
dc.subjectcarbon dioxide
dc.subjectenvironmental disturbance
dc.subjectimage analysis
dc.subjectnutrient cycling
dc.subjectperturbation
dc.subjectscanning electron microscopy
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectbiofilm
dc.subjectbiological model
dc.subjectbiomechanics
dc.subjectconfocal microscopy
dc.subjectflow kinetics
dc.subjectgenetics
dc.subjectgrowth, development and aging
dc.subjectkinetics
dc.subjectmetabolism
dc.subjectmicrobiology
dc.subjectphysiology
dc.subjectplankton
dc.subjectPseudomonas
dc.subjectshear strength
dc.subjectBiofilms
dc.subjectBiomechanics
dc.subjectCarbon Dioxide
dc.subjectEnvironmental Microbiology
dc.subjectGreen Fluorescent Proteins
dc.subjectKinetics
dc.subjectMicroscopy, Confocal
dc.subjectModels, Biological
dc.subjectPlankton
dc.subjectPseudomonas
dc.subjectRecombinant Proteins
dc.subjectRheology
dc.subjectShear Strength
dc.subjectPseudomonas sp.
dc.titleMetabolic differentiation in biofilms as indicated by carbon dioxide production rates
dc.typeArticle
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