Effectiveness of the female condom in preventing HIV and sexually transmitted infections : a systematic review and meta-analysis

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dc.contributor.authorWiyeh, Alison B.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMome, Ruth K. B.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMahasha, Phetole W.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKongnyuy, Eugene J.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWiysonge, Charles S.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-16T09:38:40Z
dc.date.available2020-03-16T09:38:40Z
dc.date.issued2020-03-12
dc.date.updated2020-03-15T04:28:40Z
dc.descriptionCITATION: Wiyeh, A. B., et al. 2020. Effectiveness of the female condom in preventing HIV and sexually transmitted infections : a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 20:319, doi:10.1186/s12889-020-8384-7.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com
dc.description.abstractBackground: The effectiveness of female condoms for preventing HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains inconclusive. We examined the effects of female condoms on the acquisition of HIV and STIs. Methods: We searched four databases, two trial registries, and reference lists of relevant publications in October 2018 and updated our search in February 2020. We screened search output, evaluated study eligibility, and extracted data in duplicate; resolving differences through discussion. We calculated the effective sample size of cluster randomised trials using an intra-cluster correlation coefficient of 0·03. Data from similar studies were combined in a meta-analysis. We performed a non-inferiority analysis of new condoms relative to marketed ones using a non-inferiority margin of 3%. We assessed the certainty of evidence using GRADE. Results: We included fifteen studies of 6921 women. We found that polyurethane female condoms (FC1) plus male condoms may be as effective as male condoms only in reducing HIV acquisition (1 trial, n = 149 women, RR 0.07, 95%CI 0.00–1.38; low-certainty evidence). However, the use of FC1 plus male condoms is superior to male condoms alone in reducing the acquisition of gonorrhoea (2 trials, n = 790, RR 0.59, 95%CI 0.41–0.86; high-certainty evidence) and chlamydia (2 trials, n = 790, RR 0.67, 95%CI 0.47–0.94; high-certainty evidence). Adverse events and failure rates of FC1 were very low and decreased during follow up. Although the functionality of newer female condoms (Woman’s, Cupid, Pheonurse, Velvet, and Reddy) may be non-inferior to FC2, there were no available studies assessing their efficacy in preventing HIV and STIs. Conclusion: The use of female plus male condoms is more effective than use of male condoms only in preventing STIs and may be as effective as the male condom only in preventing HIV. There is a need for well conducted studies assessing the effects of newer female condoms on HIV and STIs.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-020-8384-7
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent17 pages ; illustrations
dc.identifier.citationWiyeh, A. B., et al. 2020. Effectiveness of the female condom in preventing HIV and sexually transmitted infections : a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 20:319, doi:10.1186/s12889-020-8384-7
dc.identifier.issn1471-2458 (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.1186/s12889-020-8384-7
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/107619
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherBMC (part of Springer Nature)
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyright
dc.subjectFemale condoms -- Reviews
dc.subjectHIV (Viruses) -- Transmissionen_ZA
dc.subjectHIV (Viruses) -- Preventionen_ZA
dc.subjectSexually transmitted diseases -- Preventionen_ZA
dc.subjectSystematic reviews (Medical research)en_ZA
dc.titleEffectiveness of the female condom in preventing HIV and sexually transmitted infections : a systematic review and meta-analysisen_ZA
dc.typeArticle
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