Die vertaling van diverse Coloured vrouestemme in die Afrikaanse poësie : ’n feministiese benadering

Date
2022-12
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates the possible translation strategies in English that would best represent and maintain the unique voices and language varieties of diverse Coloured Afrikaans women poets. The goal is to address the gap in the representation of various postcolonial feminist voices from the Global South in Feminist Translation Studies. In the process of the decolonisation of translation theory and practice, the publishing and inclusion of previously marginalised voices are emphasised. Feminist Translation Studies especially focuses on the perspectives and theories from the Global South since the Global North has historically been portrayed as the norm and origin of significant theories, concepts, and sociopolitical movements. The concept of “transnational discourses” and the intellectual activism regarding sociopolitical issues are made possible through translation. People from different linguistic and cultural contexts would never be able to hear, understand, and investigate each other’s stories and perspectives if it had not been for translation. Although various attempts have been made to address issues regarding power and inequality in Feminist Translation Studies, and to offer marginalised voices the opportunity to share their perspectives globally, these contributions were mainly still limited to research in the Global North. In three of the most recent publications on Feminist Translation Studies, it was determined that in only seven out of the seventy cases, African countries and languages were examined. These studies focused mainly on feminist issues in the Maghreb countries and the translation between English and Arabic in predominantly Muslim contexts. There is a clear lack in diverse voices from peripheral languages and contexts, especially African contexts, that can contribute to a less homogenous global feminist and translation discourse. It is therefore suggested that the various Coloured Afrikaans women voices of Veronique Jephtas, Lynthia Julius, Ronelda Kamfer, Jolyn Phillips, and Shirmoney Rhode in their respective books of poetry namely soe rond ommie bos (2021), Uit die Kroes (2020), Hammie (2016), Chinatown (2019), radbraak (2017) and Nomme 20 Delphi Straat (2016) are translated into English. The goal is for their perspectives and stories to become part of the current transnational feminist discourse. It is argued that these poets’ work can contribute to a more inclusive field of feminist theory and translation theory and practice outside Western contexts. Furthermore, it is claimed that each poet addresses postcolonial feminist issues in the South African context in a unique and individual voice, which is a significant step towards the process of the decolonisation of Afrikaans literature. In order to determine suitable translation strategies for these poets and their voices, I translated the selected poems myself and the translation solutions are discussed in detailed annotations. This qualitative study has a modern Feminist Translation Studies approach. Anthony Pym’s model for translation solutions for many languages (2016) is used to establish possible solutions to the expected translation problems. Translation strategies that would not completely homogenise the five poets’ unique voices and language varieties are prioritised in order to highlight their diverse sociocultural backgrounds, as well as the diversity of Afrikaans-speaking people it emphasises. It is mainly found that the use of foreignising strategies – such as the copying of distinctive lexical markers and unique sentence structure in the Afrikaans poems – is the most effective way to avoid a homogenous representation of the poets in the target texts. In conclusion, further research possibilities related to translation and Afrikaans literature are proposed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie studie word daar ondersoek ingestel na wat die beste vertaalstrategieë sou wees om diverse Coloured Afrikaanse vrouedigters se unieke stemme en taalvariëteite in hul poësie in Engels te vertaal, te verteenwoordig en te behou. Die doel is om die gaping in die verteenwoording van uiteenlopende postkoloniale feministiese stemme uit die Globale Suide in Feministiese Vertaalteorie aan te spreek. In die proses van die dekolonisering van die vertaalteorie en -praktyk, word die publikasie en insluiting van voorheengemarginaliseerde stemme beklemtoon. Daar word veral in Feministiese Vertaalteorie gefokus op perspektiewe en teorieë vanuit die Globale Suide omdat die Globale Noorde histories as die norm en oorsprong van belangrike teorieë, konsepte en sosiopolitieke bewegings uitgebeeld is. Die konsep van “transnasionale diskoerse” en die intellektuele aktivisme rakende sosiopolitieke kwessies word moontlik gemaak deur vertaling, aangesien mense uit verskillende taal- en kultuurkontekste nooit mekaar se stories sou kon hoor, ondersoek en verstaan sonder dat die vertaling daarvan plaasvind nie. Alhoewel verskeie pogings in Feministiese Vertaalteorie tot dusver aangewend is om kwessies aangaande mag en ongelykheid te ondersoek en aan voorheengemarginaliseerde stemme die geleentheid te bied om hul perspektiewe internasionaal te deel, is dié bydraes steeds hoofsaaklik beperk tot navorsing in die Globale Noorde. In die drie mees onlangse publikasies oor Feministiese Vertaalteorie, is daar bepaal dat slegs sewe uit die sewentig artikels gevallestudies oor Afrikalande en -tale insluit. Dié studies fokus op feministiese kwessies in die Maghreb-lande en die vertaling tussen Arabies en Engels in oorwegend Moslemkontekste. Daar is ’n tekort aan diverse stemme uit perifere tale en kontekste wat kan bydra tot ’n minder homogene globale feministiese en vertaalteoretiese diskoers. Ek stel daarom voor dat die uiteenlopende Coloured Afrikaanse vrouestemme van Veronique Jephtas, Lynthia Julius, Ronelda Kamfer, Jolyn Phillips en Shirmoney Rhode in hulle onderskeie bundels soe rond ommie bos (2021), Uit die Kroes (2020), Hammie (2016), Chinatown (2019), radbraak (2017) en Nomme 20 Delphi Straat (2016), deur middel van ’n seleksie gedigte in Engels vertaal word sodat hulle perspektiewe deel kan uitmaak van die huidige transnasionale feministiese diskoers. Die argument is dat hierdie digters se werk ’n bydrae kan maak om ’n meer inklusiewe feministiese en vertaalteoretiese veld buite Westerse kontekste tot stand te bring. Daar word aangevoer dat dié vyf digters elk in ’n individuele stem postkoloniale feministiese kwessies in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks uitwys, wat ’n belangrike stap in die proses van die dekolonisering van die Afrikaanse literatuur is. Om gepaste vertaalstrategieë vir die digters en hul stemme te bepaal, vertaal ek die geselekteerde gedigte self en word my vertaaloplossings deur middel van beskrywende annotasies uiteengesit. Hierdie kwalitatiewe studie het grootliks ’n eietydse Feministiese Vertaalteoretiese benadering. Om die verwagte vertaalprobleme op te los, word daar op Anthony Pym se model vir vertaaloplossings (2016) gesteun. Die fokus is op vertaalstrategieë wat nie die vyf digters se unieke stemme en taalvariëteite in Engels sal homogeniseer nie om hulle diverse sosiokulturele agtergronde, asook die diversiteit van Afrikaanssprekendes wat daardeur beklemtoon word, op die voorgrond te plaas. Daar word hoofsaaklik bevind dat die gebruik van vervreemdende vertaalstrategieë – soos die kopiëring van eiesoortige leksikale merkers en unieke woordorde in die Afrikaanse gedigte – die effektiefste manier is om ’n homogene uitbeelding van die digters in die doeltekste te vermy. Ten slotte word verdere studiemoontlikhede uiteengesit wat van toepassing is op die Afrikaanse literatuur asook die vertaalteorie en -praktyk.
Description
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.
Keywords
Afrikaans poetry -- Translating into English, Translating and interpreting in literature, Feminism in literature, Afrikaans poetry -- Criticism and interpretation, UCTD
Citation