Mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenies of Cervidae (Mammalia, Ruminantia): Systematics, morphology, and biogeography

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dc.contributor.authorGilbert C.
dc.contributor.authorRopiquet A.
dc.contributor.authorHassanin A.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T15:57:22Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T15:57:22Z
dc.date.issued2006
dc.description.abstractThe family Cervidae includes 40 species of deer distributed throughout the northern hemisphere, as well as in South America and Southeast Asia. Here, we examine the phylogeny of this family by analyzing two mitochondrial protein-coding genes and two nuclear introns for 25 species of deer representing most of the taxonomic diversity of the family. Our results provide strong support for intergeneric relationships. To reconcile taxonomy and phylogeny, we propose a new classification where the family Cervidae is divided in two subfamilies and five tribes. The subfamily Cervinae is composed of two tribes: the tribe Cervini groups the genera Cervus, Axis, Dama, and Rucervus, with the Père David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus) included in the genus Cervus, and the swamp deer (Cervus duvauceli) placed in the genus Rucervus; the tribe Muntiacini contains Muntiacus and Elaphodus. The subfamily Capreolinae consists of the tribes Capreolini (Capreolus and Hydropotes), Alceini (Alces), and Odocoileini (Rangifer + American genera). Deer endemic to the New World fall in two biogeographic lineages: the first one groups Odocoileus and Mazama americana and is distributed in North, Central, and South America, whereas the second one is composed of South American species only and includes Mazama gouazoubira. This implies that the genus Mazama is not a valid taxon. Molecular dating suggests that the family originated and radiated in central Asia during the Late Miocene, and that Odocoileini dispersed to North America during the Miocene/Pliocene boundary, and underwent an adaptive radiation in South America after their Pliocene dispersal across the Isthmus of Panama. Our phylogenetic inferences show that the evolution of secondary sexual characters (antlers, tusk-like upper canines, and body size) has been strongly influenced by changes in habitat and behaviour. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
dc.description.versionArticle
dc.identifier.citationMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
dc.identifier.citation40
dc.identifier.citation1
dc.identifier.issn10557903
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.ympev.2006.02.017
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/10358
dc.subjectmitochondrial DNA
dc.subjectanimal
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectbovids
dc.subjectcell nucleus
dc.subjectclassification
dc.subjectfemale
dc.subjectgenetics
dc.subjectgeography
dc.subjecthistology
dc.subjectmale
dc.subjectphylogeny
dc.subjecttime
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectCell Nucleus
dc.subjectDNA, Mitochondrial
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectGeography
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectPhylogeny
dc.subjectRuminants
dc.subjectTime Factors
dc.subjectAlces
dc.subjectBrosme brosme
dc.subjectCapreolinae
dc.subjectCapreolus
dc.subjectCervidae
dc.subjectCervinae
dc.subjectCervus
dc.subjectCervus axis
dc.subjectCervus duvaucelii
dc.subjectDama
dc.subjectElaphodus
dc.subjectElaphurus davidianus
dc.subjectHydropotes
dc.subjectMammalia
dc.subjectMazama
dc.subjectMazama americana
dc.subjectMazama gouazoupira
dc.subjectMuntiacus
dc.subjectOdocoileus
dc.subjectRangifer
dc.subjectRucervus
dc.subjectRuminantia
dc.titleMitochondrial and nuclear phylogenies of Cervidae (Mammalia, Ruminantia): Systematics, morphology, and biogeography
dc.typeArticle
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