Polyphenolic and physicochemical properties of simple-spined num-num (Carissa edulis) fruit harvested at ripe stage of maturation

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorMakumbele, Fulufhelo P.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorTaylor, Malcolmen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorStander, Marietjieen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorAnyasi, Tonna A.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorJideani, Afam I. O.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-12T14:21:41Z
dc.date.available2021-10-12T14:21:41Z
dc.date.issued2019-07-19
dc.descriptionCITATION: Makumbele F. P. et al. 2019. polyphenolic and physicochemical properties of simple-spined num-num (Carissa edulis) fruit harvested at ripe stage of maturation. Molecules, 24(14). doi:10.3390/molecules24142630
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at https://www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules
dc.description.abstractWildly grown in most regions of the world, Carissa edulis is a highly underutilised fruit with significant antioxidant characteristics. The phyto and physicochemical properties of C. edulis berries at different stages of ripening are evaluated in this work. Total flavonoids (TF), total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity were determined spectrophotometrically, while concentration of polyphenols was determined using liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Results showed that antioxidant activity was lowest (18.36 ± 0.12 mmol TE/g) in RS3 and decreased with TPC upon increased ripening. Conversely, TF increased with ripening progression with TF found to be highest in RS3 (5.92 ± 0.03 mg CE/g). Identified phenolic acids in C. edulis were quinic acid, protocatechuoyl-hexose, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid and dicaffeoylquinic acid. Identified flavonoids included rutin, catechin, procyanidin dimer, procyanidin trimer, quercetin-3-O-glucosyl-xyloside, quercetin-3-O-robinobioside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-OH-3-methylglutaryl-glucoside. Physicochemical properties of C. edulis varied among samples with sugar/acid ratio of C. edulis ranging from 25.70 for RS1 to 50.36 for RS3. Ripening stage of C. edulis undoubtedly affects the phyto and physicochemical properties of C. edulis.en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversity of Venda
dc.description.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/3/508
dc.description.versionPublisher’s version
dc.format.extent19 pages : illustrations (some color)en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMakumbele F. P. et al. 2019. polyphenolic and physicochemical properties of simple-spined num-num (Carissa edulis) fruit harvested at ripe stage of maturation. Molecules, 24(14). doi:10.3390/molecules24142630
dc.identifier.issn1420-3049 (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.3390/molecules24142630
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/123216
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain rights
dc.subjectCarissa edulisen_ZA
dc.subjectPhytochemicals -- Molecular aspectsen_ZA
dc.subjectAntioxidant activityen_ZA
dc.subjectPhysicochemical propertiesen_ZA
dc.subjectFree radicalsen_ZA
dc.subjectRipening stageen_ZA
dc.subjectFruit -- Harvestingen_ZA
dc.titlePolyphenolic and physicochemical properties of simple-spined num-num (Carissa edulis) fruit harvested at ripe stage of maturationen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
makumbele_polyphenolic_2019.pdf
Size:
1.46 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download article
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download
Collections
Research Articles (Central Analytical Facility)