Assessment of the effect of nanomaterials on sediment-dwelling invertebrate Chironomus tentans larvae

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dc.contributor.authorOberholster P.J.
dc.contributor.authorMusee N.
dc.contributor.authorBotha A.-M.
dc.contributor.authorChelule P.K.
dc.contributor.authorFocke W.W.
dc.contributor.authorAshton P.J.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T16:01:35Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T16:01:35Z
dc.date.issued2011
dc.description.abstractStudies were conducted to determine the effects of a panel of seven nanomaterials (NMs), namely: α-alumina, γ-alumina, precipitated silica; silica fume, calcined silica fume, colloidal antimony pentoxide (Sb2O5), and superfine amorphous ferric oxide (Fe2O3), on sediment dwelling invertebrates Chironomus tentans under controlled laboratory conditions. Percentage survival, enzyme activities, growth development, and DNA fragmentation parameters were studied as acute, biochemical, and physiological toxicities of NMs, respectively. Quantitation of catalase and peroxidase enzyme activity demonstrated that toxicant stress of the NMs increased enzyme activity in a concentration dependent fashion across all treatments. The percentage growth length of the test specimens exposed to different NMs was significantly reduced compared to the negative control while only five concentrations were not in the toxic range, namely; Fe2O3 (5γg/kg); silica fume (5γg/kg, 50γg/kg); Sb2O5 (5γg/kg) and calcined silica fume (5γg/kg). Genotoxic stress assessed by use of DNA laddering showed complementary findings to the other ecotoxicological endpoints tested in this study-the percentage survival and growth length inhibition. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.
dc.description.versionArticle
dc.identifier.citationEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety
dc.identifier.citation74
dc.identifier.citation3
dc.identifier.issn1476513
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.12.012
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/12050
dc.subjectalpha alumina
dc.subjectantimony pentoxide
dc.subjectcatalase
dc.subjectDNA
dc.subjectferric oxide
dc.subjectgamma alumina
dc.subjectnanomaterial
dc.subjectperoxidase
dc.subjectsilicon dioxide
dc.subjectunclassified drug
dc.subjectbioassay
dc.subjectDNA
dc.subjectecotoxicology
dc.subjectenzyme activity
dc.subjectgenotoxicity
dc.subjectinhibition
dc.subjectacute toxicity
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectChironomus
dc.subjectconcentration (parameters)
dc.subjectcontrolled study
dc.subjectDNA fragmentation
dc.subjectecotoxicity
dc.subjectenzyme activity
dc.subjectgenotoxicity
dc.subjectlarva
dc.subjectlarval development
dc.subjectnonhuman
dc.subjectquantitative analysis
dc.subjectsediment
dc.subjectsurvival rate
dc.subjectChironomus tentans
dc.subjectInvertebrata
dc.titleAssessment of the effect of nanomaterials on sediment-dwelling invertebrate Chironomus tentans larvae
dc.typeArticle
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