Emerging middle powers in development cooperation: the case of Brazil In Mozambique

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dc.contributor.advisorVan der Westhuizen, Janisen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDa Silva, Gabrielleen_ZA
dc.contributor.otherStellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Political Science.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-27T18:33:40Z
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-26T10:33:09Z
dc.date.available2024-02-27T18:33:40Z
dc.date.available2024-04-26T10:33:09Z
dc.date.issued2024-03
dc.descriptionThesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2024.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractENGLISH ABSTRACT: Donor behaviour has been centred on traditional donors from the Global North. Emerging middle powers, however, do not conform to traditional development cooperation agendas. Moreover, emerging powers, tend to follow different structures, capacity, as well as forms and areas of development cooperation. From project scope, institutional arrangements and domestic support, there is less research on why emerging donors participate in development cooperation compared to traditional aid providers. Moreover, traditional IR theories do not properly consider why emerging middle powers transition from being net recipients of development aid to partners in development cooperation. Emerging middle powers are usually states who were beneficiaries of development aid but have gradually started acting as catalysts of development cooperation. These nations, although plagued with domestic issues (such as deep-rooted inequality and poverty) have opted to use funds to pursue foreign policy agendas. Outside of the domestic realm, these countries do not have much material capability. Brazil, for example, has used development cooperation (under the first Lula administration, 2003-2010) as a foreign policy tool to further the domestic, regional, and international agenda. This thesis used qualitative research methodology to unpack the reason behind Brazil’s participation in the international development cooperation agenda. The definition of emerging middle power provided by van der Westhuizen and Milani (2019) was used to provide context to the concept of Emerging middle power. Secondly, this thesis uses key analytical concepts, used in understanding the graduation dilemma by van der Westhuizen and Milani (2019). These key points are used to unpack the interplay between domestic, regional, and international actors and factors which influenced Brazil’s participation in development cooperation. Under the first Lula administration (2003-2010), development cooperation was an important foreign policy tool. Although the country faced domestic problems, development models were used to extend Brazil’s position both regionally as well as internationally. Domestically, international development cooperation was used to create economic opportunities and cement domestic public policy. Although not all development cooperation projects were supported by domestic and international civil society, these projects have been a catalyst for the Brazilian position both internationally and regionally.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie en huidige analisie van Skenkergedrag is gesentreer op tradisionele skenkers uit die Globale Noorde. Ontluikende middelmoonthede se beweegredes vir hul betrokkenheid in ontwikkelingsamewerking konformeer egter nie met hierdie tradisionele benadering nie en toon daarom unieke tendense ten opsigte van struktuur, aard, kapasiteit en tipe ontwikkelingsamewerking. Vanuit projekomvang, institusionele ree lings en binnelandse ondersteuning is daar minder navorsing oor hoekom ontluikende middelmoondhede, vergeleke met tradisionele skenkers, in ontwikkelingsamewerking deelneem. Boonop oorweeg tradisionele IV-teoriee nie behoorlik waarom ontluikende middelmoondhede oorgaan van netto ontvangers van ontwikkelingshulp na vennote in ontwikkelingsamewerking nie. Ontluikende middelmoondhede is gewoonlik state wat begunstigdes van ontwikkelingshulp was, maar geleidelik as katalisators van ontwikkelingsamewerking begin optree het. Hierdie nasies, hoewel hulle geteister word met binnelandse kwessies (soos diepgewortelde ongelykheid en armoede), kies om fondse te gebruik om buitelandse beleidsagendas na te streef. Buite hul landsgrense beskik hierdie lande nie oor veel materiele vermoe nie. Brasilie het byvoorbeeld ontwikkelingsamewerking (onder die eerste Lula-administrasie,2003-2011) gebruik as 'n buitelandse beleidsinstrument om sy binnelandse, streeks- en internasionale agendas te bevorder. Hierdie proefskrif maak gebruik kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodologie om die redes vir Brasilie se deelname, as ontluikende middelmoondheid, in internasionale ontwikkelingsamewerkings ooreenkomste te bestudeer. Die definisie van ontluikende middelmoondheid soos verskaf deur van der Westhuizen en Milani (2019), word gebruik om konteks aan die konsep te gee. Tweedens gebruik die proefskrif sleutel analitiese konsepte soos gebruik om die “graduerings kompleksiteit” (graduation dilemma) gepostuleer deur van der Westhuizen en Milani (2019) te verstaan en sodoende die wisselwerking tussen plaaslike en internasionale akteurs wat Brasilie se deelname aan ontwikkelingsamewerking beïnvloed het, te ontleed. Onder die eerste Lula-administrasie (2003-2010) was ontwikkelingsamewerking 'n belangrike instrument vir buitelandse beleid. Alhoewel die land binnelandse probleme ondervind het, is ontwikkelingsmodelle gebruik om Brasilie se posisie, streeks sowel as internasionaal, uit te brei. Binnelands is internasionale ontwikkelingsamewerking gebruik om ekonomiese geleenthede te skep en binnelandse openbare beleid te versterk. Alhoewel nie alle ontwikkelingssamewerkingsprojekte, soos die ProSavana-projek, deur plaaslike en die burgerlike samelewing ondersteun is nie, was hierdie projekte internasionaal en streeksgewys 'n katalisator vir die Brasiliaanse posisie.af_ZA
dc.description.versionMastersen_ZA
dc.format.extentx, 150 pages : illustrations
dc.identifier.urihttps://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/130244
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherStellenbosch : Stellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.rights.holderStellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.subject.lcshBrazil -- Foreign relations -- Mozambiqueen_ZA
dc.subject.lcshMozambique -- Foreign relations -- Brazilen_ZA
dc.subject.lcshInternational relationsen_ZA
dc.subject.nameUCTD
dc.titleEmerging middle powers in development cooperation: the case of Brazil In Mozambiqueen_ZA
dc.typeThesisen_ZA
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