Infectious Diseases

Recent Submissions

  • Twelve-year mortality in adults initiating antiretroviral therapy in South Africa 

    Cornell, Morna; Johnson, Leigh F.; Wood, Robin; Tanser, Frank; Fox, Matthew P.; Prozesky, Hans; Schomaker, Michael; Egger, Matthias; Davies, Mary-Ann; Boulle, Andrew (Wiley Open Access, 2018)
    Introduction: South Africa has the largest number of individuals living with HIV and the largest antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme worldwide. In September 2016, ART eligibility was extended to all 7.1 million ...

  • HIV viral load as an independent risk factor for tuberculosis in South Africa : collaborative analysis of cohort studies 

    Fenner, Lukas; Atkinson, Andrew; Boulle, Andrew; Fox, Matthew P.; Prozesky, Hans; Zurcher, Kathrin; Ballif, Marie; Furrer, Hansjakob; Zwahlen, Marcel; Davies, Mary-Ann; Egger, Matthias (Wiley Open Access, 2017)
    Introduction: Chronic immune activation due to ongoing HIV replication may lead to impaired immune responses against opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis (TB). We studied the role of HIV replication as a risk ...

  • Lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy outcomes after antiretroviral therapy switch in children in the UK/Ireland 

    Innes, Steve; Harvey, Justin; Collins, Intira Jeannie; Cotton, Mark Fredric; Judd, Ali (Public Library of Science, 2017)
    Background: Following widespread use of stavudine, a thymidine analogue, in antiretroviral therapy (ART) over the past three decades, up to a third of children developed lipoatrophy (LA) and/or lipohypertrophy (LH). ...

  • Patient-reported barriers to adherence to antiretroviral therapy : a systematic review and meta-analysis 

    Shubber, Zara; Mills, Edward J.; Nachega, Jean B.; Vreeman, Rachel; Freitas, Marcelo; Bock, Peter; Nsanzimana, Sabin; Penazzato, Martina; Appolo, Tsitsi; Doherty, Meg; Ford, Nathan (Public Library of Science, 2016)
    ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: Maintaining high levels of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a challenge across settings and populations. Understanding the relative importance of different barriers to adherence ...

  • Afri-Can Forum 2 

    Mukudu, Hillary; Martinson, Neil; Sartorius, Benn; Coetzee, Jenny; Dietrich, Janan; Mokgatswana, Kgaugelo; Jewkes, Rachel; Gray, Glenda E.; Dugas, Marylene; Behanzin, Luc; Guedou, Fernand A.; Gagnon, Marie-Pierre; Alary, Michel; Rutakumwa, Rwamahe; Mbonye, Martin; Kiwanuka, Thadeus; Nakamanya, Sarah; Muhumuza, Richard; Nalukenge, Winfred; Seeley, Janet; Atujuna, Millicent; Wallace, Melissa; Brown, Ben; Bekker, Linda G.; Newman, Peter A.; Harryparsad, Rushil; Olivier, Abraham J.; Jaspan, Heather B.; Wilson, Douglas; Dietrich, Janan; Martinson, Neil; Mukudu, Hillary; Mkhize, Nonhlanhla; Morris, Lynn; Cianci, Gianguido; Dinh, Minh; Hope, Thomas; Passmore, Jo-Ann S.; Gray, Clive M.; Henrick, Bethany M.; Yao, Xiao-Dan; Rosenthal, Kenneth L.; Henrick, Bethany M.; Yao, Xiao-Dan; Drannik, Anna G.; Rosenthal, Kenneth L.; Chanzu, Nadia; Mwanda, Walter; Oyugi, Julius; Anzala, Omu; Mbow, Moustapha; Jallow, Sabelle; Thiam, Moussa; Davis, Alberta; Diouf, Assane; Ndour, Cheikh T.; Seydi, Moussa; Dieye, Tandakha N.; Mboup, Souleymane; Goodier, Martin; Rilley, Eleanor; Jaye, Assan; Yao, Xiao-Dan; Omange, R. W.; Henrick, Bethany M.; Lester, Richard T.; Kimani, Joshua; Ball, T. B.; Plummer, Francis A.; Rosenthal, Kenneth L.; Behanzin, Luc; Guedou, Fernand A.; Geraldo, Nassirou; Mastetse, Ella G.; Sossa, Jerome C.; Zannou, Marcel D.; Alary, Michel; Osawe, Sophia; Okpokoro, Evaezi; Okolo, Felicia; Umaru, Stephen; Abimiku, Rebecca; Audu, Sam; Datong, Pam; Abimiku, Alashle; Nyange, Jacquelyn; Olenja, Joyce; Mutua, Gaudensia; Jaoko, Walter; Omosa-Manyonyi, Gloria; Farah, Bashir; Khaniri, Maureen; Anzala, Omu; Cockcroft, Anne; Tonkin, Kendra; Girish, Indu; Mhati, Puna; Cunningham, Ashley; Andersson, Neil; Farah, Bashir; Indangasi, Jackton; Jaoko, Walter; Mutua, Gaudensia; Khaniri, Maureen; Nyange, Jacquelyn; Anzala, Omu; Diphoko, Thabo; Gaseitsiwe, Simani; Maiswe, Victoria; Iketleng, Thato; Maruapula, Dorcas; Bedi, Keabetswe; Moyo, Sikhulile; Musonda, Rosemary; Wainberg, Mark; Makhema, Joseph; Novitsky, Vladimir; Marlink, Richard; Essex, Max; Okoboi, Stephen; Ssali, Livingstone; Kalibala, Sam; Birungi, Josephine; Egessa, Aggrey; Wangisi, Jonathan; Okullu, Lyavala J.; Bakanda, Celestin; Obare, Francis; Boer, I. M. S.; Semvua, Hadija H.; Van den Boogaard, Jossy; Kiwango, Krisanta W.; Ngowi, Kennedy M.; Nieuwkerk, Pythia T.; Aarnoutse, Rob E.; Kiwelu, Ireen; Muro, Eva; Kibiki, Gibson S.; Datiri, Ruth; Choji, Grace; Osawe, Sophia; Okpokoro, Evaezi; Okolo, Felicia; Umaru, Stephen; Abimiku, Rebecca; Datong, Pam; Abimiku, Alashle; Fomsgaard, A.; Karlsson, I.; Jensen, K. J; Jensen, S. S.; Leo-Hansen, C.; Jespersen, S.; Da Silva Te, D.; Rodrigues, C. M.; Da Silva, Z. J.; Janitzek, C. M.; Gerstoft, J.; Kronborg, G.; Okpokoro, Evaezi; Osawe, Sophia; Daitiri, Ruth; Choji, Grace; Umaru, Stephen; Okolo, Felicia; Datong, Pam; Emily, Nyariki; Joyce, Olenja; Robert, Lorway R.; Anzala, Anzala; Viljoen, Katie; Wendoh, Jerome; Kidzeru, Elvis; Karaoz, Ulas; Brodie, Eoin; Botha, Gerrit; Mulder, Nicola; Gray, Clive; Cameron, William; Stintzi, Alain; Jaspan, Heather; Levett, Paul N.; Alexander, David; Gulzar, Naveed; Grewal, Prabvir S.; Poon, Art F Y.; Brumme, Zabrina; Harrigan, P. R.; Brooks, James I.; Sandstrom, Paul A.; Calvez, Stryker; Sanche, Stephen E.; Scott, Jamie K.; Swartz, Leslie; Kagee, Ashraf; Lesch, Anthea; Kafaar, Zuhayr; De Wet, Anneliese; Okpokoro, Evaezi; Osawe, Sophia; Daitiri, Ruth; Choji, Grace; Umaru, Stephen; Okolo, Felicia; Datong, Pam; Abimiku, Alashle; Dietrich, Janan; Smith, Tricia; Cotton, Laura; Hornschuh, Stefanie; Van der Watt, Martin; Miller, Cari L.; Gray, Glenda; Smit, Jenni; Jaggernath, Manjeetha; Ndungu, Thumbi; Brockman, Mark; Kaida, Angela; Akolo, Maureen; Kimani, Joshua; Gelmon, Larry; Chitwa, Michael; Osero, Justus; Cockcroft, Anne; Marokoane, Nobantu; Kgakole, Leagajang; Maswabi, Boikhutso; Mpofu, Neo; Ansari, Umaira; Andersson, Neil; Nakinobe, Elizabeth; Miiro, George M.; Zalwango, Flavia; Nakiyingi-Miiro, Jessica; Kaleebu, Potiano; Semwanga, John R.; Nyanzi, Emily; Musoke, Saidat N.; Nakinobe, Elizabeth; Miiro, George; Mbidde, Edward K.; Lutalo, Tom; Kaleebu, Pontiano; Handema, Ray; Chianzu, Graham P.; Thiam, Moussa; Diagne-Gueye, Diabou; Ndiaye, Mame K.; Mbow, Moustapha; Ndiaye, Birahim P.; Traore, Ibrahima; Dia, Mamadou C.; Thomas, Gilleh; Tour-Kane, Coumba; Mboup, Souleymane; Jaye, Assan; Nyanzi, Emily; Mbidde, Edward K.; Kaleebu, Pontiano; Mpendo, Juliet; Kimani, Joshua; Birungi, Josephine; Muyindike, Winnie; Kambugu, Andrew; Sebastian, Hachizovu; Ray, Handema; Mike, Chaponda; Bertin, Kabuya J.; Modest, Mulenga; Thiam, Moussa; Janha, Omar; Davis, Alberta; Amambua-Ngwa, Alfred; Nwakanma, Davis C.; Mboup, Souleymane; Jaye, Assan; Jespersen, Sanne; Hønge, Bo L.; Esbjornsson, Joakim; Medina, Candida; Te, David Da Silva; Correira, Faustino G.; Laursen, Alex L.; Ostergaard, Lars; Andersen, Andreas; Aaby, Peter; Erikstrup, Christian; Wejse, Christian; Dieye, Siry; Sarr, Moussa; Sy, Haby; Mbodj, Helene D.; Ndiaye, Marianne; Ndiaye, Amy; Moussa, Seydi; Jaye, Assan; Mboup, Souleymane; Nyombi, Balthazar M.; Shao, Elichilia R.; Chilumba, Innocent B.; Moyo, Sikhulile; Gaseitsiwe, Simani; Musonda, Rosemary; Datong, Pam; Inyang, Bucky; Osawe, Sophia; Izang, Abel; Cole, Chundung; Okolo, Felicia; Cameron, Bill; Rosenthal, Kenneth; Gray, Clive; Jaspan, Heather; Seraise, Boitumelo; Andrea-Marobela, Kerstin; Moyo, Sikhulile; Musonda, Rosemary; Makhema, Joseph; Essex, Max; Gaseitsiwe, Simani (Biomed Central, 2016-07-12)
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: We are pleased to present peer reviewed forum proceedings of the 2nd synchronicity forum of GHRI/CHVIfunded Canadian and African HIV prevention and vaccine teams Forum objectives ∙GHRI-funded capacity ...

  • Survival and re-aerosolization in dust of mycobacterium smegmatis - a surrogate for mycobacterium tuberculosis 

    Tshilombo, Kazadi Valéry (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-03)
    ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is essentially an airborne pathogen transmitted via aerosols. It remains viable in the soil and outside its hosts for extended periods of time. It ...

  • Preparedness of institutions around the world for managing patients with Ebola virus disease: an infection control readiness checklist 

    Tartari, Ermira; Allegranzi, Benedetta; Ang, Brenda; Calleja, Neville; Collignon, Peter; Hopman, Joost; Lang, Lily; Lee, Lai Chee; Ling, Moi Lin; Mehtar, Shaheen; Tambyah, Paul A.; Widmer, Andreas; Voss, Andreas (BioMed Central, 2015-06-08)
    Background: In response to global concerns about the largest Ebola virus disease (EVD), outbreak to-date in West Africa documented healthcare associated transmission and the risk of global spread, the International Society ...

  • The implications of HIV treatment on the HIV-malaria coinfection dynamics : a modeling perspective 

    Nyabadza, F.; Bekele, B. T.; Rua, M. A.; Malonza, D. M.; Chiduku, N.; Kgosimore, M. (Hindawi, 2015-07)
    Most hosts harbor multiple pathogens at the same time in disease epidemiology. Multiple pathogens have the potential for interaction resulting in negative impacts on host fitness or alterations in pathogen transmission ...

  • A comparison of death recording by health centres and civil registration in South Africans receiving antiretroviral treatment 

    Johnson, Leigh F.; Dorrington, Rob E.; Laubscher, Ria; Hoffmann, Christopher J.; Wood, Robin; Fox, Matthew P.; Cornell, Morna; Schomaker, Michael; Prozesky, Hans; Tanser, Frank; Davies, Mary-Ann; Boulle, Andrew (International AIDS Society, 2015-12-16)
    Introduction: There is uncertainty regarding the completeness of death recording by civil registration and by health centres in South Africa. This paper aims to compare death recording by the two systems, in cohorts of ...

  • Impact of tuberculosis on mortality among HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Uganda : a prospective cohort analysis 

    Chu, Rong; Mills, Edward J.; Beyene, Joseph; Pullenayegum, Eleanor; Bakanda, Celestin; Nachega, Jean B.; Devereaux, P. J.; Thabane, Lehana (BioMed Central, 2013-07-13)
    Background: Tuberculosis (TB) disease affects survival among HIV co-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Yet, the magnitude of TB disease on mortality is poorly understood. Methods: Using a prospective ...

  • Emergence and spread of extensively and totally drug-resistant tuberculosis, South Africa 

    Klopper, Marisa; Warren, Robin Mark; Hayes, Cindy; Gey van Pittius, Nicolaas Claudius; Streicher, Elizabeth Maria; Muller, Borna; Sirgel, Frederick Adriaan; Chabula-Nxiweni, Mamisa; Hoosain, Ebrahim; Coetzee, Gerrit; Van Helden, Paul David; Victor, Thomas Calldo; Trollip, Andre Phillip (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013-03)
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Factors driving the increase in drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, are not understood. A convenience sample of 309 drug-susceptible and 342 multidrug-resistant ...

  • The impact of revised PMTCT guidelines : a view from a public sector ARV clinic in Cape Town, South Africa 

    Van Schalkwyk, Marije; Andersson, Monique Ingrid; Zeier, Michele Desire; La Grange, Marina; Taljaard, Johannes Jakobus; Theron, Gerhard Barnard (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013-06)
    Background: In April 2010, revised Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission guidelines were implemented in South Africa, advising fast-tracked lifelong highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation at a higher ...

  • Medication possession ratio associated with short-term virologic response in individuals initiating antiretroviral therapy in Namibia 

    Hong, Steven Y.; Jerger, Logan; Jonas, Anna; Badi, Alfons; Cohen, Steven; Nachega, Jean B.; Parienti, Jean-Jacques; Tang, Alice M.; Wanke, Christine; Terrin, Norma; Pereko, Dawn; Blom, Abraham; Trotter, Andrew B.; Jordan, Michael R. (Public Library of Science, 2013)
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The visual-analogue scale (VAS), Likert item (rating scale), pills identification test (PIT), and medication possession ratio (MPR) provide estimates of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence which correlate ...

  • Gender differences in survival among adult patients starting antiretroviral therapy in South Africa : a multicentre cohort study 

    Cornell, Morna; Schomaker, Michael; Garone, Daniela Belen; Giddy, Janet; Hoffmann, Christopher J.; Lessells, Richard; Maskew, Mhairi; Prozesky, Hans; Wood, Robin; Johnson, Leigh F.; Egger, Matthias; Boulle, Andrew; Myer, Landon (Public Library of Science, 2012-09-04)
    Background: Increased mortality among men on antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been documented but remains poorly understood. We examined the magnitude of and risk factors for gender differences in mortality on ART. ...

  • Sepsis : at-risk patients, clinical manifestations and management 

    Taljaard, Jantjie J. (Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG), 2010-06)
    Sepsis is a major clinical challenge, especially to clinicians working in emergency and critical care units. Research over the last decade into a better understanding of the pathophysiology and management of sepsis has ...

  • Incidence of Kaposi Sarcoma in HIV-infected patients - a prospective multi-cohort study from Southern Africa 

    Bohlius, Julia; Valeri, Fabio; Maskew, Mhairi; Prozesky, Hans; Chimbetete, Cleophas; Lumano-Mulenga, Priscilla; Garone, Daniela; Gsponer, Thomas; Egger, Matthias (BioMed Central, 2012-04)
    Background: The incidence of Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is high in sub-Saharan Africa. Data on KS among HIV-infected patients receiving and not yet receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) are, however, scarce in Africa. Within the ...

  • Survival of HIV-infected adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Uganda : findings from a nationally representative cohort in Uganda 

    Bakanda, Celestin; Birungi, Josephine; Mwesigwa, Robert; Nachega, Jean B.; Chan, Keith; Palmer, Alexis; Ford, Nathan; Mills, Edward J. (Public Library of Science, 2011-04-29)
    Background: Adolescents have been identified as a high-risk group for poor adherence to and defaulting from combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) care. However, data on outcomes for adolescents on cART in resource-limited ...

  • Severe staphylococcal infection with pneumonia treated by plasmapheresis and plasma exchange. A preliminary report 

    King, J. B.; De Vaal, J. B. (HMPG, 1980-11)
    Three cases of extremely severe staphylococcal infection are reported. All 3 patients were treated by plasmapheresis and fresh plasma or fresh-frozen plasma replacement, and all made a steady recovery. In all 3 cases blood ...