Research Articles (Molecular Biology and Human Genetics)
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Automated IS6110-based fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis : reaching unprecedented discriminatory power and versatility
(Public Library of Science, 2018)Background: Several technical hurdles and limitations have restricted the use of IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS6110 RFLP), the most effective typing method for detecting recent tuberculosis (TB) ... -
Geospatial distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes in Africa
(Public Library of Science, 2018-08-01)Objective: To investigate the distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes across Africa. Methods: The SITVIT2 global repository and PUBMED were searched for spoligotype and published genotype data respectively, ... -
Genetic diversity and potential routes of transmission of Mycobacterium bovis in Mozambique
(Public Library of Science, 2018)Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease with largely unknown impact in Africa, with risk factors such as HIV and direct contact with animals or consumption of Mycobacterium bovis infected animal products. In order to ... -
Margarida Genetic diversity and potential routes of transmission of Mycobacterium bovis in Mozambique
(Public Library of Science, 2018)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease with largely unknown impact in Africa, with risk factors such as HIV and direct contact with animals or consumption of Mycobacterium bovis infected animal ... -
Modulation of inflammatory cytokines and islet morphology as therapeutic mechanisms of Basella alba in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
(Korean Society of Toxicology, 2018)The mechanism of the previously reported antidiabetic effect of Basella alba is unknown. This study investigated the role of B. alba aqueous leaf extract in the modulation of inflammatory cytokines and islet morphology ... -
Quantitative 18F-FDG PET-CT scan characteristics correlate with tuberculosis treatment response
(SpringerOpen (part of Springer Nature), 2020-02-10)Background: There is a growing interest in the use of F-18 FDG PET-CT to monitor tuberculosis (TB) treatment response. Tuberculosis lung lesions are often complex and diffuse, with dynamic changes during treatment ... -
A landscape of genomic alterations at the root of a near-untreatable tuberculosis epidemic
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-02-04)Background: Atypical Beijing genotype Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains are widespread in South Africa and have acquired resistance to up to 13 drugs on multiple occasions. It is puzzling that these strains have retained ... -
Generation and characterization of thiol-deficient Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutants
(Nature Research, 2018)Mycothiol (MSH) and ergothioneine (ERG) are thiols able to compensate for each other to protect mycobacteria against oxidative stress. Gamma-glutamylcysteine (GGC), another thiol and an intermediate in ERG biosynthesis has ... -
Context‐dependent costs and benefits of tuberculosis resistance traits in a wild mammalian host
(Wiley Open Access, 2018)Disease acts as a powerful driver of evolution in natural host populations, yet individuals in a population often vary in their susceptibility to infection. Energetic trade‐offs between immune and reproductive investment ... -
Cytotoxic activity of crude extracts from Datura stramonium’s fungal endophytes against A549 lung carcinoma and UMG87 glioblastoma cell lines and LC-QTOF-MS/MS based metabolite profiling
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019-11-21)Background: Endophytic fungi are a proven source of bioactive secondary metabolites that may provide lead compounds for novel drug discovery. In this study, crude extracts from fungal endophytes isolated from Datura stramonium ... -
Investigation of the methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway for microbial terpenoid production through metabolic control analysis
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019-11-05)Background: Terpenoids are of high interest as chemical building blocks and pharmaceuticals. In microbes, terpenoids can be synthesized via the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) or mevalonate (MVA) pathways. Although the ... -
Using routinely collected laboratory data to identify high rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis burden communities in the Western Cape Province, South Africa : a retrospective spatiotemporal analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2018)Background: South Africa has the highest tuberculosis incidence globally (781/100,000), with an estimated 4.3% of cases being rifampicin resistant (RR). Control and elimination strategies will require detailed spatial ... -
Use of butorphanol and diprenorphine to counter respiratory impairment in the immobilised white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum)
(AOSIS, 2018)Opioid-induced immobilisation results in severe respiratory impairment in the white rhinoceros. It has therefore been attempted in the field to reverse this impairment with the use of opioid agonist-antagonists, such as ... -
Cardiac development and transcription factors : insulin signalling, insulin resistance, and intrauterine nutritional programming of cardiovascular disease
(Hindawi, 2018)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Programming with an insult or stimulus during critical developmental life stages shapes metabolic disease through divergent mechanisms. Cardiovascular disease increasingly contributes to global morbidity ... -
IMPUTOR : phylogenetically aware software for imputation of errors in next-generation sequencing
(Oxford University Press, 2018)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: We introduce IMPUTOR, software for phylogenetically aware imputation of missing haploid nonrecombining genomic data. Targeted for next-generation sequencing data, IMPUTOR uses the principle of parsimony ... -
Unexpected genomic and phenotypic diversity of mycobacterium africanum lineage 5 affects drug resistance, protein secretion, and immunogenicity
(Oxford University Press, 2018)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Mycobacterium africanum consists of Lineages L5 and L6 of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and causes human tuberculosis in specific regions of Western Africa, but is generally not transmitted ... -
Comprehensive characterization of the attenuated double auxotroph mycobacterium tuberculosisΔleuDΔpanCD as an alternative to H37Rv
(Frontiers Media, 2019)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Although currently available model organisms such as Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) have significantly contributed to our understanding of tuberculosis (TB) ... -
PD-1 expression on mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells is associated with bacterial load in human tuberculosis
(Frontiers Media, 2018)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Persistent antigen stimulation in chronic infections has been associated with antigen-specific T cell dysfunction and upregulation of inhibitory receptors, including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). ... -
Complement component C1q as serum biomarker to detect active tuberculosis
(Frontiers Media, 2018)Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major threat to global health. Currently, diagnosis of active TB is hampered by the lack of specific biomarkers that discriminate active TB disease from other (lung) diseases or ... -
Neutrophils : innate effectors of TB resistance?
(Frontiers Media, 2018)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Certain individuals are able to resist Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection despite persistent and intense exposure. These persons do not exhibit adaptive immune priming as measured by tuberculin skin ...
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