She is Tiye, Egypt’s “Dazzling” Queen : a study of the role of an active queen in the New Kingdom

Date
2024-03
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis is a research study of the impact of an active queen on her pharaoh husband’s reign in the New Kingdom and focuses on Queen Tiye as an example during the reign of King Amenhotep III (ca. 1390 – 1352 BCE). It investigates how active queens were represented in texts, iconographical imagery, and in material and funerary culture and whether Queen Tiye moved out of the shadow of her pharaoh husband and acted independently in a formal royal setting. The study will further analyse what feminine active value looked like in New Kingdom, Egypt. In order to achieve this purpose, it is important to understand the roles and responsibilities of a typical New Kingdom queen. These findings will be examined against the principles of feminist epistemology to determine the extent of female active value in a male dominated power sphere. Therefore, the question will be addressed whether it was possible for a queen to have an active independent role in the New Kingdom court, and if so, whether Queen Tiye was a “dazzling” and active queen in her own right, or merely a servant under a masculine pharaonic shadow. The purpose of this study is to remove modern, predominantly male, biases from female subject representation and reception. Previous research has mostly represented female subjects within a male argumentative frame as accompaniments to highlight their husbands’ or sons’ achievements. This male bias is still prevalent, however while the female subject in ancient Egypt is receiving more individual attention, as has been bestowed on the likes of Hatshepsut, Nefertiti, and Cleopatra VII Tiye is still placed in an inferior position as it seems she was not as powerful, beautiful, or political - or even as active - as the other three queens.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis is ‘n studie van die moontlike invloed wat ‘n aktiewe koningin op haar eggenoot se regering kon uitoefen in die Nuwe Koninkryk en fokus op koningin Tiye as ‘n voorbeeld tydens koning Amenhotep III (ca. 1390 – 1352 V.C.) se koningskap. Dit bestudeer verteenwoordiging van aktiewe koninginne in tekste, ikonografiese beelde, materiële- en begrafniskultuur; asook die moontlikheid of koningin Tiye onder haar man se farao-skadu kon uitbeweeg en onafhanklik in ‘n formele koninklike omgewing kon optree. Die studie sal verder ontleed hoe vroulike aktiewe waarde in die Nuwe Koninkryk in antieke Egipte voorgekom het. Om die doelwit te bereik is dit belangrik om die rolle en verantwoordelikhede van ‘n tipiese Nuwe Koninkryk koningin te ontleed. Die bevindinge sal bestudeer word teen die beginsels van feministiese epistemologie om die mate van vroulike aktiewe waarde binne ‘n manlike oorheersende magsfeer te bepaal. Daarom word die vraag aangespreek of dit moontlik was vir ‘n koningin om ‘n aktiewe onafhanklike rol in die Nuwe Koninkryk se koninklike hof te speel, en indien wel, of koningin Tiye ‘n “skitterende” en aktiewe koningin in haar eie reg was, en of sy bloot net onder ‘n manlike faraoniese skadu gedien het. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die moderne, oorwegend manlike, bevooroordeling teen die verteenwoordiging en ontvangs van ‘n vroulike antieke onderwerp te verwyder. Vorige navorsing het vroue as onderwerp binne ‘n manlike argumentatiewe raamwerk voorgestel as ondersteuning om hulle eggenote en seuns se prestasies uit te lig. Hierdie manlike bevooroordeling kom steeds algemeen voor, maar ten spyte daarvan, kry die vrou as onderwerp in antieke Egipte meer individuele aandag, soos wat geskenk is aan byvoorbeeld Hatshepsut, Nefertiti, en Kleopatra VII; alhoewel, Tiye word steeds in ‘n minderwaardige posisie geplaas omdat sy nie ewe as magtig, beeldskoon, of polities - of selfs so aktief - soos die ander drie koninginne was nie.
Description
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2024.
Keywords
Citation