The lived experiences of life sciences teachers belonging to different religious beliefs: a focus on the teaching of evolution

Date
2023-03
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The motivation to investigate the lived experiences of Life Sciences teachers, belonging to different religious beliefs, teaching evolution, was inspired by a recognised gap in qualitative educational research regarding Life Sciences teachers’ lived experiences. An interest in learning about and understanding Life Sciences teachers’ lived experiences of teaching evolution in the light of their personal religious beliefs inspired this interpretive study. The main research question asks: How do Life Sciences teachers, belonging to different religious beliefs, experience teaching evolution as a curriculum topic? Five Western Cape-based Life Sciences teachers, belonging to Islam, Christianity, were asked 12 questions over individual online semi-structured interviews about their contextual backgrounds, lived experiences of learning about and teaching evolution, as well as their religious beliefs. Their interviews were transcribed, and the data was analysed using a thematic content analysis, as well as a cross case analysis through the constant comparative method. Meaningful qualitative data was produced that aided in the understanding of how teachers experience teaching the topic of evolution, in the light of their backgrounds and religious beliefs. A unique researcher’s touch was applied to the analysis process to foster compassionate understanding of complex lived experiences. The results cannot be uniformly applied to all contexts and cannot be associated with all Life Sciences teachers belonging to Islam and Christianity. According to the results, even within a certain religion, an individual’s beliefs of the religion itself and of the theory of evolution differ, depending on contextual factors. Three of the teachers presented elaborate discussions of evolution in light of the nature of science and expressed enjoyment and interest towards teaching evolution; therefore, teachers’ lived experiences of teaching evolution might be impacted by their understanding of the importance of evolution in Life Sciences, irrespective of their religious beliefs. The other two teachers (Muslim and Christian) expressed a reluctance to teach evolution based on the experience of evolution to be controversial and evolution’s perceived contradiction to creation (as the misconception that evolution is an alternative to creation was held); however, the former teacher did not allow evolution to threaten his faith, whereas the latter teacher experienced conflict within herself. Despite their experience of evolution being difficult to teach, both teachers attempted to remain positive and resorted to assessment requirements as justification for teaching evolution. Some teachers’ experiences of teaching evolution were affected by pressure from external factors such as the limited time factor in grade 12, assessment pressures and learners, parents and/or colleagues opposing the teaching of evolution. This research study emphasises the uniqueness and humanness of each individual teacher’s lived experiences of teaching evolution, which are influenced by their personal contexts, including, but not limited to their religious beliefs. Differences in the lived experiences of teachers from the same religion brings to light the problematic nature of stereotyping individuals’ views of evolution based on religion.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die motivering om ondersoek in te stel van die geleefde ervarings van Lewenswetenskappeonderwysers, wat aan verskillende godsdienstige oortuigings behoort, om evolusie te onderrig, is geïnspireer deur 'n erkende leemte in kwalitatiewe opvoedkundige navorsing rakende Lewenswetenskappe-onderwysers se geleefde ervarings. ’n Belangstelling om te leer oor en om Lewenswetenskappe-onderwysers se geleefde ervarings te verstaan rakende die onderrig van evolusie in die lig van hul persoonlike godsdienstige oortuigings het hierdie interpreterende studie geïnspireer. Die hoofnavorsingsvraag vra: Hoe ervaar Lewenswetenskappe-onderwysers, wat aan verskillende geloofsoortuigings behoort, die onderrig van evolusie as 'n kurrikulumonderwerp? Vyf Wes-Kaap-gebaseerde Lewenswetenskappe-onderwysers, wat aan Islam en Christendom behoort, is 12 vrae oor individuele aanlyn semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude gevra oor hul kontekstuele agtergronde, geleefde ervarings van hul opvoeding oor en onderrig van evolusie, sowel as hul godsdienstige oortuigings. Hul onderhoude is getranskribeer, en die data is ontleed met behulp van 'n tematiese inhoudsanalise, sowel as 'n kruisgevalle-analise deur die konstante vergelykende metode. Betekenisvolle kwalitatiewe data is geproduseer wat begrip toon oor hoe onderwysers die onderrig van die onderwerp van evolusie ervaar, in die lig van hul agtergronde en godsdienstige oortuigings. 'n Unieke navorser-aanraking is toegepas op die ontledingsproses om deernisvolle begrip van komplekse geleefde ervarings te bevorder. Die resultate kan nie eenvormig op alle kontekste toegepas word nie en kan nie geassosieer word met alle Lewenswetenskappe-onderwysers wat aan Islam en Christendom behoort nie. Volgens die resultate, selfs binne 'n sekere godsdiens, verskil 'n individu se oortuigings van hul godsdiens en van die evolusieteorie, afhangende van kontekstuele faktore. Drie van die onderwysers het uitgebreide besprekings van evolusie in die lig van die aard van wetenskap aangebied en het genot en belangstelling in die onderrig van evolusie uitgespreek; daarom kan onderwysers se geleefde ervarings van die onderrig van evolusie wel beïnvloed word deur hul begrip van die belangrikheid van evolusie in Lewenswetenskappe, ongeag van hul godsdienstige oortuigings. Die ander twee onderwysers (Moslem en Christen) het 'n onwilligheid uitgespreek rakende die aanbied van evolusie en het evolusie as kontroversieel ervaar, as gevolg van evolusie se vermeende teenstrydigheid met die skepping (soos die wanopvatting dat evolusie 'n alternatief vir die skepping is, gehuldig is); die eersgenoemde onderwyseres het egter nie toegelaat dat evolusie sy geloof bedreig nie, terwyl laasgenoemde onderwyser konflik in haarself ervaar het. Ten spyte van hul ervaring van evolusie wat moeilik is om aan te bied, het albei onderwysers probeer om positief te bly en het gebruik gemaak van assesseringsvereistes as regverdiging van die onderrig van evolusie. Sommige onderwysers se ervarings van die onderrig van evolusie is beïnvloed deur druk van eksterne faktore soos die beperkte tydsfaktor in graad 12, assesseringsdruk en leerders, ouers en/of kollegas wat die onderrig van evolusie teëstaan. Hierdie navorsingstudie beklemtoon die uniekheid en menslikheid van elke individuele onderwyser se geleefde ervarings van die onderrig van evolusie, wat beïnvloed word deur hul persoonlike kontekste, insluitend maar nie beperk tot hul godsdienstige oortuigings nie. Verskille in die geleefde ervarings van onderwysers van dieselfde godsdiens bring die problematiese aard van stereotipering van individue se sienings van evolusie gebaseer op godsdiens aan die lig.
Description
Thesis (MEd)--Stellenbosch University, 2023.
Keywords
Citation