Zidovudine with nevirapine for the prevention of HIV mother-to-child transmission reduces nevirapine resistance in mothers from the Western Cape, South Africa

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorVan Zyl G.U.
dc.contributor.authorClaassen M.
dc.contributor.authorEngelbrecht S.
dc.contributor.authorLaten J.D.
dc.contributor.authorCotton M.F.
dc.contributor.authorTheron G.B.
dc.contributor.authorPreiser W.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T16:17:03Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T16:17:03Z
dc.date.issued2008
dc.description.abstractIn the Western Cape province of South Africa, an intensified regimen for the prevention-of-mother-to-child-transmission-of-HIV consisting of zidovudine (AZT) from 34 weeks of pregnancy plus single dose (sd) nevirapine (NVP) during labor was instituted in 2004. The newborn baby receives a single dose of NVP and AZT for 7 days. Similar strategies in Thailand and Africa have been shown to be more effective in reducing transmission than NVP alone. The use of sd NVP only for the prevention-of-mother-to-child-transmission-of-HIV has a high risk of inducing resistance (25-69%) with an average of 35.7% by a recent meta-analysis and has been shown to adversely affect non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral therapy when initiated within 6 months. In this study the prevalence of resistance to NVP and AZT in mothers who had received the intensified regimen was measured. Specimens collected from mothers were genotyped by in-house PCR and sequencing. In specimens obtained within 60 days of delivery, acquired NVP resistance mutations were detected in 13 of 76 patients (17.1%, 95% confidence interval: 8.7-25.6%), which appears to be lower than in studies with sd NVP alone (37.5%, 95% confidence interval: 23.0-50.6%). © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
dc.description.versionArticle
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Medical Virology
dc.identifier.citation80
dc.identifier.citation6
dc.identifier.issn01466615
dc.identifier.other10.1002/jmv.21157
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/14047
dc.subjectnevirapine
dc.subjectRNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitor
dc.subjectzidovudine
dc.subjectanalytic method
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectconfidence interval
dc.subjectcontrolled study
dc.subjectfemale
dc.subjectgene sequence
dc.subjectgenotype
dc.subjecthighly active antiretroviral therapy
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjectHuman immunodeficiency virus infection
dc.subjectmajor clinical study
dc.subjectmonotherapy
dc.subjectpolymerase chain reaction
dc.subjectprevalence
dc.subjectrisk
dc.subjectsingle drug dose
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjectvirus transmission
dc.subjectAnti-HIV Agents
dc.subjectDisease Transmission, Vertical
dc.subjectDrug Resistance, Viral
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectHIV Infections
dc.subjectHIV Reverse Transcriptase
dc.subjectHIV-1
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectInfant
dc.subjectMutation
dc.subjectNevirapine
dc.subjectPregnancy
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjectZidovudine
dc.titleZidovudine with nevirapine for the prevention of HIV mother-to-child transmission reduces nevirapine resistance in mothers from the Western Cape, South Africa
dc.typeArticle
Files
Collections
Stellenbosch University - Scopus Tygerberg Hospital Publications