Clinical relevance of total HIV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell compartments as a biomarker of HIV-associated neurocognitive

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dc.contributor.authorRuhanya, Vurayaien_ZA
dc.contributor.authorJacobs, Graeme Brendonen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorGlashoff, Richard H.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorEngelbrecht, Susanen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-22T09:14:19Z
dc.date.available2018-01-22T09:14:19Z
dc.date.issued2017-10-31
dc.descriptionCITATION: Ruhanya, V., et al. 2017. Clinical relevance of total HIV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell compartments as a biomarker of HIV-associated neurocognitive. Viruses, 9(11):324, doi:10.3390/v9110324.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at http://www.mdpi.com
dc.description.abstractENGLISH ABSTRACT: The pathogenesis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders is complex and multifactorial. It is hypothesized that the critical events initiating this condition occur outside the brain, particularly in the peripheral blood. Diagnoses of HIV-induced neurocognitive disorders largely rely on neuropsychometric assessments, which are not precise. Total HIV DNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), quantified by PCR, correlate with disease progression, which is a promising biomarker to predict HAND. Numerous PCR assays for HIV DNA in cell compartments are prone to variation due to the lack of standardization and, therefore, their utility in predicting HAND produced different outcomes. This review evaluates the clinical relevance of total HIV DNA in circulating mononuclear cells using different published quantitative PCR (qPCR) protocols. The rationale is to shed light on the most appropriate assays and sample types used to accurately quantify HIV DNA load, which predicts severity of neurocognitive impairment. The role of monocytes as a vehicle for trafficking HIV into the CNS makes it the most suitable sample for determining a HAND associated reservoir. Studies have also shown significant associations between monocyte HIV DNA levels with markers of neurodamage. However, qPCR assays using PBMCs are cheaper and available commercially, thus could be beneficial in clinical settings. There is need, however, to standardise DNA extraction, normalisation and limit of detection.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/9/11/324
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent17 pages : illustrationsen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationRuhanya, V., et al. 2017. Clinical relevance of total HIV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell compartments as a biomarker of HIV-associated neurocognitive. Viruses, 9(11):324, doi:10.3390/v9110324
dc.identifier.issn1999-4915 (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.3390/v9110324
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103066
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherMDPIen_ZA
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyrighten_ZA
dc.subjectPathogenesisen_ZA
dc.subjectHIV cognitive-motor complexen_ZA
dc.subjectNervous system, Peripheralen_ZA
dc.subjectBiochemical markersen_ZA
dc.titleClinical relevance of total HIV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell compartments as a biomarker of HIV-associated neurocognitiveen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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