How maternal investment varies with environmental factors and the age and physiological state of wild tsetse Glossina pallidipes and Glossina morsitans morsitans

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dc.contributor.authorHargrove, John W.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMuzari, M. Odwellen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorEnglish, Sineaden_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-03T10:44:14Z
dc.date.available2020-02-03T10:44:14Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.descriptionCITATION: Hargrove, J., Muzari, M. O. & English, S. 2018. How maternal investment varies with environmental factors and the age and physiological state of wild tsetse Glossina pallidipes and Glossina morsitans morsitans. Royal Society Open Science, 5:171739, doi:10.1098/rsos.171739.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at https://royalsocietypublishing.org
dc.description.abstractTheory suggests females should optimize resource allocation across reproductive bouts to maximize lifetime reproduction, balancing current and future reproductive efforts according to physiological state and projected survival and reproduction. Tests of these ideas focus on long-lived vertebrates: few measure age-related reproductive output in iteroparous invertebrates, or partition reserves between those allocated to offspring versus mothers. We investigated how maternal age, and environmental and physiological factors influence reproductive investment in wild tsetse, Glossina pallidipes Austen and G. morsitans morsitans Westwood. Tsetse provide a tractable system to measure reproductive allocation. Females exhibit high maternal investment, producing single, large offspring that rely exclusively on maternal reserves. We find that mothers in better physiological condition and experiencing cooler temperatures produce larger offspring. Pupal size increases significantly but weakly with age. In both species, females with less fat invest proportionately more in offspring. Post-partum fat decreases in flies with badly frayed wings: poor flight capability may limit their feeding efficiency, or they may sacrifice more reserves as a terminal investment. Our results support evidence that offspring size increases with maternal size, investment depends on the environment, and females with lower chances of future reproduction invest more into current offspring. We discuss the implications of maternal effects for predicting vector population responses to environmental change.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.171739
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent12 pages
dc.identifier.citationHargrove, J., Muzari, M. O. & English, S. 2018. How maternal investment varies with environmental factors and the age and physiological state of wild tsetse Glossina pallidipes and Glossina morsitans morsitans. Royal Society Open Science, 5:171739, doi:10.1098/rsos.171739
dc.identifier.issn2054-5703 (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.1098/rsos.171739
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/107416
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherRoyal Society
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyright
dc.subjectReproductive resource allocationen_ZA
dc.subjectTsetse-flies -- Ageen_ZA
dc.subjectTsetse-flies -- Numbersen_ZA
dc.subjectTsetse-flies -- Physiological aspectsen_ZA
dc.subjectTsetse-flies -- Climatic factorsen_ZA
dc.subjectSurvival analysis (Biometry)en_ZA
dc.subjectMaternal investmenten_ZA
dc.titleHow maternal investment varies with environmental factors and the age and physiological state of wild tsetse Glossina pallidipes and Glossina morsitans morsitansen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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