HIV as a cause of immune activation and immunosenescence

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dc.contributor.authorSokoya, T.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSteel, H. C.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorNieuwoudt, M.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorRossouw, T. M.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2018-10-26T08:51:34Z
dc.date.available2018-10-26T08:51:34Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.descriptionCITATION: Sokoya, T., et al. 2017. HIV as a cause of immune activation and immunosenescence. Mediators of Inflammation, 2017 (Article ID 6825493), doi:10.1155/2017/6825493.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at http://www.hindawi.com
dc.description.abstractSystemic immune activation has emerged as an essential component of the immunopathogenesis of HIV. It not only leads to faster disease progression, but also to accelerated decline of overall immune competence. HIV-associated immune activation is characterized by an increase in proinflammatory mediators, dysfunctional T regulatory cells, and a pattern of T-cell-senescent phenotypes similar to those seen in the elderly. These changes predispose HIV-infected persons to comorbid conditions that have been linked to immunosenescence and inflamm-ageing, such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, and cancer. In the antiretroviral treatment era, development of such non-AIDS-defining, age-related comorbidities is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Treatment strategies aimed at curtailing persistent immune activation and inflammation may help prevent the development of these conditions. At present, the most effective strategy appears to be early antiretroviral treatment initiation. No other treatment interventions have been found effective in large-scale clinical trials, and no adjunctive treatment is currently recommended in international HIV treatment guidelines. This article reviews the role of systemic immune activation in the immunopathogenesis of HIV infection, its causes and the clinical implications linked to immunosenescence in adults, and the therapeutic interventions that have been investigated.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2017/6825493/
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent16 pages
dc.identifier.citationSokoya, T., et al. 2017. HIV as a cause of immune activation and immunosenescence. Mediators of Inflammation, 2017 (Article ID 6825493), doi:10.1155/2017/6825493
dc.identifier.issn1466-1861 (online)
dc.identifier.issn0962-9351 (print)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.1155/2017/6825493
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/104613
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherHindawi Publishing Corporation
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyright
dc.subjectHIV-positve persons -- Immunological aspectsen_ZA
dc.subjectHIV infections -- Immunological aspectsen_ZA
dc.subjectAging -- Immunological aspectsen_ZA
dc.subjectAntiretroviral agentsen_ZA
dc.titleHIV as a cause of immune activation and immunosenescenceen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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