Comprehensive phenolic profiling of Cyclopia genistoides (L.) Vent. by LC-DAD-MS and -MS/MS reveals novel xanthone and benzophenone constituents

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dc.contributor.authorBeelders, Theresaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDe Beer, Daleneen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorStander, Maria A.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorJoubert, Elizabethen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2016-05-03T12:37:19Z
dc.date.available2016-05-03T12:37:19Z
dc.date.issued2014-08
dc.descriptionCITATION: Beelders, T., De Beer, D., Stander, M.A. & Joubert, E. 2014. Comprehensive phenolic profiling of Cyclopia genistoides (L.) Vent. by LC-DAD-MS and -MS/MS reveals novel xanthone and benzophenone constituents. Molecules, 19(8):11760-11790, doi:10.3390/molecules190811760.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at http://www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules
dc.description.abstractA high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method coupled with diode-array detection (DAD) was optimized for the qualitative analysis of aqueous extracts of Cyclopia genistoides. Comprehensive insight into the phenolic profile of unfermented and fermented sample extracts was achieved with the identification of ten compounds based on comparison with authentic reference standards and the tentative identification of 30 additional compounds by means of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and tandem MS detection. Three iriflophenone-di-O,C-hexoside isomers, three xanthone-dihydrochalcone derivatives and one dihydrochalcone are herein tentatively identified for the first time in C. genistoides. Of special interest is one iriflophenone-di-O,C-hexoside present in large amounts. New compounds (tentatively) identified for the first time in this species, and also in the genus Cyclopia, include two aromatic amino acids, one flavone, an iriflophenone-di-C-hexoside, a maclurin-di-O,C-hexoside, two tetrahydroxyxanthone-C-hexoside isomers, a tetrahydroxyxanthone-di-O,C-hexoside, two symmetric tetrahydroxyxanthone-C-hexoside dimers, nine glycosylated flavanone derivatives and five glycosylated phenolic acid derivatives. The presence of new compound subclasses in Cyclopia, namely aromatic amino acids and glycosylated phenolic acids, was demonstrated. The HPLC-DAD method was successfully validated and applied to the quantitative analysis of the paired sample extracts. In-depth analysis of the chemical composition of C. genistoides hot water extracts gave a better understanding of the chemistry of this species that will guide further research into its medicinal properties and potential uses.en_ZA
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent31 pages
dc.identifier.citationBeelders, T., De Beer, D., Stander, M.A. & Joubert, E. 2014. Comprehensive phenolic profiling of Cyclopia genistoides (L.) Vent. by LC-DAD-MS and -MS/MS reveals novel xanthone and benzophenone constituents. Molecules, 19(8):11760-11790, doi:10.3390/molecules190811760.
dc.identifier.issn1420-3049 (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.3390/molecules190811760
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98958
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rights.holderMDPI
dc.subjectCyclopiaen_ZA
dc.subjectPhenolic compoundsen_ZA
dc.subjectHigh-performance liquid chromatographyen_ZA
dc.subjectAmino acidsen_ZA
dc.titleComprehensive phenolic profiling of Cyclopia genistoides (L.) Vent. by LC-DAD-MS and -MS/MS reveals novel xanthone and benzophenone constituentsen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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