Factors influencing condom utilisation amongst female students at a higher education institution in the Northern Cape province

Date
2023-03
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH SUMMARY: Background: In South Africa, women's sexual and reproductive health are linked to several human rights, including the right to privacy and the right to health services, including sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. Consistent condom use remains low among female students in South African higher education institutions. There could be several reasons for the low use of condoms. These reasons could include low risk perceptions, a lack of knowledge and a lack of condom access or services distributing the condoms. Factors influencing condom utilisation have not yet been explored in higher education institutions in the Northern Cape Province. The aim of this study was to explore the factors that influence condom utilisation among female students at a higher education institution in the Northern Cape Province. The personal and environmental factors that influence condom utilisation behaviours among female students at a higher education institution in the Northern Cape Province were investigated. Methods: A quantitative research approach was used, with an exploratory-descriptive design. Female students between the ages of 17 and 24 from one higher education institution in the Northern Cape Province were the study's target population. The researcher used convenience sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 385 participants between 7 September and 10 October 2021. Data was analysed by a biostatistician using SPSS version v28. The study was guided by ethical considerations such as informed consent, confidentiality and privacy, as well as a consent waiver for participants between the ages of 17 and 24 years, which was approved by Stellenbosch University Health Research Ethics Committee. Results: Most study participants (n=340, 88.3%) agreed that having safe sex is critical for their future sexual and reproductive health and 64.9% (n=250) reported using condoms to prevent pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (STI) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). With regard to condom use behaviour, 32.2 % (n=124) practised consistent condom utilisation, 45.3% (n=174) inconsistently/never used condoms, whilst 22.6% (n=87) indicated they were sexually abstinent. Study participants' attitudes and risk perceptions about SRH were not associated with consistent condom use behaviour. However, participants using condoms consistently were 1.08 times more likely to know how to use a condom properly (p=0.02). Condom use self-efficacy was associated with the consistent use of condoms. Those who used condoms consistently were 9.14 times more likely to negotiate for a condom with their partners and 8.05 times more likely to have confidence in putting one on for their partner/s. Environmental factors such as condom and SRH accessibility depicted that participants who used condoms consistently were 82.6% less likely to have ever used SRH services (p<0.01). Condoms were most frequently accessed from the campus clinic. The majority of participants (n=293, 76.1%) found it easy to access condoms, with male condoms being the most accessible. Participants who used condoms consistently were nearly three times more likely to be encouraged to use a condom by their peers (p<0.01). Conclusion: Female students at a higher education institution in the Northern Cape Province reported average levels of the use of condoms. SRH access, condom use, self-efficacy, knowledge of how to put a condom on for one's partner and positive peer influence were all associated with consistent use of condoms. This indicates that prevention efforts should concentrate on educating young females in order to strengthen condom use, self-efficacy and encouraging STI discussions with sexual partners.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond: In Suid-Afrika is vroue se seksuele en reproduktiewe gesondheid gekoppel aan 'n aantal menseregte, insluitend die reg op privaatheid en die reg op gesondheidsdienste, insluitend seksuele en reproduktiewe gesondheid (SRG) dienste. Konsekwente kondoomgebruik bly laag onder vroulike studente in Suid-Afrikaanse hoeronderwysinstellings. Daar kan verskeie redes wees vir die lae kondoomgebruik. Hierdie redes kan lae risiko-persepsies, 'n gebrek aan kennis en 'n gebrek aan kondoom-toeganklikheid van verpreidingsdienste insluit. Faktore wat kondoomgebruik beinvloed, is nog nie in hoeronderwysinstellings in die Noord-Kaap Provinsie ondersoek nie. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die faktore wat kondoomgebruik onder vroulike studente by 'n hoeronderwysinstelling in die Noord-Kaap Provinsie beinvloed, te ondersoek. Die persoonlike en omgewingsfaktore wat kondoom gebruiksgedrag onder vroulike studente by 'n hoeronderwys instelling in die Noord-Kaap Provinsie beinvloed, is ondersoek. Metode: 'n Kwantitatiewe navorsingsbenadering is gebruik, met 'n verkennende-beskrywende ontwerp. Vroulike studente tussen die ouderdomme van 17 en 24, van een hoeronderwys instelling in die Noord-Kaap Provinsie was die studie se teikenpopulasie. Die navorser het van gerieflike steekproefneming gebruik gemaak. 'n Self-geadministreerde vraelys is gebruik om data van 385 deelnemers tussen 7 September 2021 en 10 Oktober 2021 in te samel. Data is deur 'n biostatistikus met SPSS weergawe v28 ontleed. Die studie is gelei deur etiese oorwegings soos ingeligte toestemming, vertroulikheid en privaatheid, asook 'n toestemmingskwytskelding vir deelnemers van 17 jaar, wat deur die Stellenbosch Universiteit se Navorsingsetiekkommitee goedgekeur is. Resultate: Die meeste studie deelnemers (n=340, 88.3%) het saamgestem dat veilige seks van kritieke belang is vir hul toekomstige seksuele en reproduktiewe gesondheid en 64.9% (n=250) het gerapporteer dat hulle kondome gebruik om swangerskap, seksueel oordraagbare infeksies (SOI) en die menslike immuniteitsgebrekvirus te voorkom (MIV). Wat kondoom gebruiksgedrag betref, het 32.2% (n=124) konsekwente kondoomgebruik beoefen, 45.3% (n=174) het kondome wynig/nooit gebruik nie, terwyl 22.6% (n=87) aangedui het dat hulle seksueel onaktief is. Studie deelnemers se houdings en risiko persepsies oor SRG was nie geassosieer met konsekwente kondoom gebruiksgedrag nie. Deelnemers wat kondome konsekwent gebruik het was egter 1.08 keer meer geneig om te weet hoe om een behoorlik te gebruik (p=0.02). Kondoomgebruik selfdoeltreffendheid was geassosieer met konsekwente kondoomgebruik. Diegene wat kondome konsekwent gebruik het, was 9.14 keer meer geneig om met hul maats vir 'n kondoom te onderhandel en 8.05 keer meer geneig om selfvertroue te he om een vir hul maat/s aan te sit. Omgewingsfaktore soos kondoom en SRG-toeganklikheid het uitgebeeld dat deelnemers wat kondome konsekwent gebruik het, 82.6% minder geneig was om ooit SRG-dienste te gebruik (p<0.01). Kondome is die meeste verkry vanaf die kampuskliniek. Die meeste deelnemers (n=293, 76.1%) het dit maklik gevind om toegang tot kondome te kry, met manlike kondome wat die mees toeganklik was. Deelnemers wat kondome konsekwent gebruik het, was byna drie keer meer geneig om deur hul ewekniee aangemoedig te word om 'n kondoom te gebruik (p<0.01). Slotsom: Vroulike studente aan 'n hoeronderwysinstelling in die Noord-Kaap Provinsie het gemiddelde vlakke van kondoomgebruik gerapporteer. SRG-toegang, kondoomgebruik selfdoeltreffendheid, kennis van hoe om 'n kondoom vir 'n seksmaat aan te sit, en positiewe eweknie-invloed, is alles geassosieer met konsekwente kondoomgebruik. Dit dui daarop dat voorkomingspogings daarop moet konsentreer om jong vroue oor kondoom selfdoeltreffendheid op te voed en SOI-gesprekke met seksmaats aan te moedig.
Description
Thesis (MNur)--Stellenbosch University, 2023.
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