Coupling, reinforcement, and speciation

dc.contributor.authorButlin, Roger K.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSmadja, Carole M.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2019-09-03T08:17:10Z
dc.date.available2019-09-03T08:17:10Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.descriptionCITATION: Butlin, R. K. & Smadja, C. M. 2018. Coupling, reinforcement, and speciation. American Naturalist, 191(2):155-172, doi:10.1086/695136.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at https://www.journals.uchicago.edu
dc.description.abstractDuring the process of speciation, populations may diverge for traits and at their underlying loci that contribute barriers to gene flow. These barrier traits and barrier loci underlie individual barrier effects, by which we mean the contribution that a barrier locus or trait—or some combination of barrier loci or traits—makes to overall isolation. The evolution of strong reproductive isolation typically requires the origin of multiple barrier effects. Critically, it also requires the coincidence of barrier effects; for example, two barrier effects, one due to assortative mating and the other due to hybrid inviability, create a stronger overall barrier to gene flow if they coincide than if they distinguish independent pairs of populations. Here, we define “coupling” as any process that generates coincidence of barrier effects, resulting in a stronger overall barrier to gene flow. We argue that speciation research, both empirical and theoretical, needs to consider both the origin of barrier effects and the ways in which they are coupled. Coincidence of barrier effects can occur either as a by-product of selection on individual barrier effects or of population processes, or as an adaptive response to indirect selection. Adaptive coupling may be accompanied by further evolution that enhances individual barrier effects. Reinforcement, classically viewed as the evolution of prezygotic barriers to gene flow in response to costs of hybridization, is an example of this type of process. However, we argue for an extended view of reinforcement that includes coupling processes involving enhancement of any type of additional barrier effect as a result of an existing barrier. This view of coupling and reinforcement may help to guide development of both theoretical and empirical research on the process of speciation.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/695136
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent18 pages
dc.identifier.citationButlin, R. K. & Smadja, C. M. 2018. Coupling, reinforcement, and speciation. American Naturalist, 191(2):155-172, doi:10.1086/695136
dc.identifier.issn1537-5323 (online)
dc.identifier.issn0003-0147 (print)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.1086/695136
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106416
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherUniversity of Chicago Press
dc.rights.holderThe University of Chicago
dc.subjectSpeciesen_ZA
dc.subjectIsolating mechanismsen_ZA
dc.subjectGene flowen_ZA
dc.subjectBarriers to gene flowen_ZA
dc.titleCoupling, reinforcement, and speciationen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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