Rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis : rapid detection and implications in chemotherapy

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dc.contributor.authorPretorius, G. S.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSirgel, F. A.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSchaaf, H. Simonen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorVan Helden, P. D.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorVictor, T. C.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2011-03-18T14:57:11Z
dc.date.available2011-03-18T14:57:11Z
dc.date.issued1996-01
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at http://www.samj.org.zaen_ZA
dc.descriptionCITATION: Pretorius, G.S. et al. 1996. Rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Rapid detection and implications in chemotherapy. South African Medical Journal, 86(1):50-55.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractObjectives. Tuberculosis treatment and susceptibility testing are cumbersome, especially in the case of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is known that mutations in the rpoB gene of M. tuberculosis lead to resistance to rifampicin (RMP). In this study an attempt was made to apply molecular techniques for rapid detection of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis. Design. settings and subjects. RMP-resistant clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis from South Africa (N = 120) with unique resistant patterns were selected for calculation of resistance frequencies, and 74 MDR isolates of M. tuberculosis from different geographical origins were used for microbiological and molecular analysis. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was applied for amplification of a previously described region around a cluster of mutations in the rpoB gene, and single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was optimised to screen for mutations in the amplified region. Results. The results showed that an optimised PCR-SSCP procedure could detect a cluster of mutations in the rpoB gene (for RMP resistance) in 95% of RMP-resistant isolates. This procedure could therefore be used in the prediction of RMP resistance. Evidence was obtained that these mutations can be screened for directly from BACTEC cultures or even directly from Ziehl-Neelsen-positive sputum samples. Statistical analysis also showed that this locus can be used to predict the presence of an MDR isolate, which may have important implications in decisions concerning chemotherapy. Conclusions. It is currently not feasible to test all tuberculosis cases, but application of the PCR-SSCP technology in the prediction of multidrug resistance in M. tuberculosis isolates may be important in patients, especially where frequencies are high for drug-resistant isolates. This methodology could reduce the time required for sensitivity testing from approximately 6-12 weeks to a few days.en_ZA
dc.description.versionPublisher’s versionen_ZA
dc.format.extent8 pages : illustrations
dc.identifier.citationPretorius, G.S. et al. 1996. Rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Rapid detection and implications in chemotherapy. South African Medical Journal, 86(1):50-55.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn2078-5135 (online)
dc.identifier.issn0256-9574 (print)
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/7241
dc.language.isoen_ZA
dc.publisherHealth & Medical Publishing Groupen_ZA
dc.rights.holderSouth African Medical Journalen_ZA
dc.subjectMycobacterium tuberculosisen_ZA
dc.subjectDrug resistance in microorganisms -- Testingen_ZA
dc.subjectRifampinen_ZA
dc.titleRifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis : rapid detection and implications in chemotherapyen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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