A case study exploring community inclusion of adults with intellectual disabilities who participate in/attend  protective workshops in Cape Town

Date
2024-03
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Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH SUMMARY: Research shows that persons with intellectual disabilities (ID) are the most marginalized group among persons with disabilities in South Africa. Despite the progress in this country towards an inclusive and free country, persons with ID are not experiencing their full citizenship. Although South Africa signed and ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) almost two decades ago, persons with ID still have limited access to services that can facilitate their inclusion into communities. Some progress has been made in education with children with ID, but little progress has been made towards the inclusion of adults with ID into employment and community activities. Furthermore, they are seldom included in research even when the research seeks to understand their day-to-day experiences. This study therefore set out to explore the community inclusion opportunities and aspirations of persons with ID attending a protective workshop in Cape Town. This study used a case study methodology within a constructivist paradigm to explore the participants’ aspirations and opportunities for community inclusion. Methods of data collection were carefully selected and planned to ensure meaningful inclusion of the participants in the data collection process. The methods included interviews, focus groups, community mapping and field notes, which were supported by tools like pictures, icons, games, community maps and repetition of the questions and discussions. An analysis of secondary data was also conducted to seek further understanding of the study context and confirm the findings from other sources of data. Twenty-eight adults with ID within the age range of 21 and 54 years, recruited from two protective workshops, participated in the study. The data was analysed using thematic analysis and four themes were generated, namely; what I do in my community, what I want from independence, the significance of relationships, and the importance of work. Their inclusion opportunities in their community ranged from assisting in their homes, and participating in community activities and hobbies and the importance of work in achieving their experience of independence and relationships was described. The participants aspired to be included in more activities independently, understanding the barriers that their impairment and the context presented. Possible supports were identified to overcome their barriers. The findings demonstrate that with appropriate support available, persons with ID are capable of contributing meaningfully to their communities. This disrupts the status quo of myths and stereotypes about persons with ID that marginalize them. The participants grappled with the conflict of their desire for independence versus their identified vulnerability. Further, they described the variety of relationships that they find to mitigate loneliness. Finally, work was described as a facilitator of inclusion. These findings can inform policy developers to effect changes to service provision to establish supports for persons with ID to be included in their communities. Emerging from these findings was a possible tool of community inclusion which aligns the environment with the supports of persons with ID to facilitate inclusion in the activities of their own choice.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Navorsing toon dat persone met intellektuele gestremdhede (IG) die mees uitgeslote groep onder persone met gestremdhede is in Suid-Afrika. Ten spyte van die vordering in hierdie land na 'n inklusiewe en vrye land, ervaar persone met IG nie hul volle burgerskap nie. Alhoewel Suid-Afrika amper twee dekades gelede die Verenigde Nasies se Konvensie oor die Regte van Persone met Gestremdhede (Eng: UNCRPD) onderteken en bekragtig het, het persone met IG steeds beperkte toegang tot dienste wat hul insluiting by gemeenskappe kan vergemaklik. Sommige vordering is gemaak in onderwys met kinders met IG, maar min vordering is gemaak in die rigting van die insluiting van volwassenes met IG by indiensneming en gemeenskapsaktiwiteite. Verder word hulle selde by navorsing ingesluit, selfs wanneer die navorsing poog om hul alledaagse ervarings te verstaan. Hierdie studie het dus ten doel gehad om die gemeenskapsinsluitingsgeleenthede en -aspirasies van persone met IG, wat 'n beskermende werkswinkel in Kaapstad bywoon, te ondersoek. Hierdie studie het 'n gevallestudiemetodologie binne 'n konstruktivistiese paradigma gebruik om die deelnemers se aspirasies en geleenthede vir gemeenskapsinsluiting te verken. Metodes van data-insameling is noukeurig gekies en beplan om betekenisvolle insluiting van die deelnemers by die data-insamelingsproses te verseker. Die metodes het onderhoude, fokusgroepe, gemeenskapskartering en waarnemings ingesluit, wat ondersteun is deur instrumente soos prente, ikone, speletjies, gemeenskapskaarte en herhaling van die vrae en besprekings. ’n Analise van sekondere data is ook gedoen om verdere begrip van die studiekonteks te soek en die bevindinge van ander databronne te bevestig. Agt-en-twintig volwassenes met IG in die ouderdomsgroep van 21 en 54 jaar, wat uit twee beskermende werkswinkels gewerf is, het aan die studie deelgeneem. Die data is ontleed deur tematiese analise en vier temas is gegenereer naamlik; wat ek in my gemeenskap doen, wat ek van onafhanklikheid wil he, die belangrikheid van verhoudings en die belangrikheid van werk. Hul insluitingsgeleenthede in hul gemeenskap het gewissel van hulp in hul huise, en deelname aan gemeenskapsaktiwiteite en stokperdjies en die belangrikheid van werk om hul ervaring van onafhanklikheid en verhoudings te bereik is beskryf. Die deelnemers het daarna gestreef om onafhanklik by meer aktiwiteite ingesluit te word, met die begrip van die hindernisse wat hul gestremdheid opgelewer het. Moontlike ondersteunings is geidentifiseer om hul hindernisse te oorkom. Die bevindinge toon dat persone met IG bekwaam is wat die status quo van mites en stereotipes oor persone met IG wat hulle marginaliseer, ontwrig. Die deelnemers het geworstel met die konflik van hul onafhanklikheid teenoor hul geïdentifiseerde kwesbaarheid. Verder het hulle die verskeidenheid verhoudings beskryf wat hulle vind om eensaamheid te versag. Laastens is werk beskryf as 'n fasiliteerder van insluiting. Hierdie bevindinge kan beleidsontwikkelaars inlig om veranderinge aan diensverskaffing aan te bring om ondersteuning te vestig vir persone met IG om in hul gemeenskappe ingesluit te word. Uit hierdie bevindinge het 'n moontlike raamwerk van gemeenskapsinsluiting na vore gekom wat die omgewing belyn met die ondersteuning van persone met IG om insluiting by die aktiwiteite van hul eie keuse te fasiliteer.
Description
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2024.
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