Undiagnosed metabolic syndrome and other adverse effects among clozapine users of Xhosa descent
| dc.contributor.author | Faasen, N. | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Niehaus, Dana J. H. | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Koen, L. | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Jordaan, E. | en_ZA |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2016-07-06T06:38:38Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2016-07-06T06:38:38Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2014-07 | |
| dc.description | CITATION: Faasen, N., Niehaus, D.J. ., Koen, L. & Jordaan, E. 2014. Undiagnosed metabolic syndrome and other adverse effects among clozapine users of Xhosa descent. South African Journal of Psychiatry, 20(2):54-57, doi:10.7196/SAJP.528. | en_ZA |
| dc.description | The original publication is available at http://www.sajp.org.za | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | Background. Clozapine use is known to be associated with significant side-effects, including prolongation of the QT-interval, agranulocytosis and metabolic syndrome. However, few data exist on the prevalence of clozapine side-effects in patients of Xhosa descent. Objective. To gather data from Xhosa patients with schizophrenia to establish the prevalence of clozapine side-effects in this population. Methods. Twenty-nine Xhosa patients with schizophrenia (as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR)) who had been receiving clozapine treatment for >1 year on an outpatient basis were selected for inclusion. All patients were participating in a genetics study in the Cape Metropolitan area. The participants were evaluated for the presence of side-effects (tests including an electrocardiogram, white blood cell count (WCC) and fasting blood glucose). Results. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 44.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 26.7 - 62.9) and of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus 13.8% (95% CI 1.24 - 26.34). There was a significant association between metabolic syndrome and body mass index (BMI) (p<0.01). The mean (SD) WCC was 7.8 × 109/L (2.8), with 3.4% of the subjects having a WCC <3.5 × 109/L. Sedation (82.8%; 95% CI 69.0 - 96.5), hypersalivation (79.3%; 95% CI 64.6 - 94.1) and constipation (44.8%; 95% CI 26.7 - 62.9) were common. The mean QT-interval was 373.8 (35.9) ms and 10% had a corrected QT-interval >440 ms. There was an association between the duration of clozapine treatment and QT-interval (with Bazett’s correction). Conclusion. The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in this sample points to a need to monitor glucose levels and BMI on a regular basis. A larger study should be done to accurately quantify the differences in prevalence of side-effects between population groups. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.uri | http://www.sajp.org.za/index.php/sajp/article/view/528 | |
| dc.description.version | Publisher's version | en_ZA |
| dc.format.extent | 4 pages | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Faasen, N., Niehaus, D.J.H., Koen, L. & Jordaan, E. 2014. Undiagnosed metabolic syndrome and other adverse effects among clozapine users of Xhosa descent. South African Journal of Psychiatry, 20(2):54-57, doi:10.7196/SAJP.528. | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.issn | 2078-6786 (online) | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 1608-9685 (print) | |
| dc.identifier.other | doi:10.7196/SAJP.528 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/99085 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_ZA | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher | AOSIS Publishing | en_ZA |
| dc.rights.holder | Authors retain copyright | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Schizophrenia --Treatment -- Complications | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Metabolic syndrome | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Clozapine -- Side effects | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Xhosa (African people) | en_ZA |
| dc.title | Undiagnosed metabolic syndrome and other adverse effects among clozapine users of Xhosa descent | en_ZA |
| dc.type | Article | en_ZA |