Development of a layered electrochemical biosensor

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dc.contributor.advisorPerold, Willemen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSchoeman, Stephanen_ZA
dc.contributor.otherStellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-04T07:11:33Zen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-26T12:24:34Zen_ZA
dc.date.available2024-03-04T07:11:33Zen_ZA
dc.date.available2024-04-26T12:24:34Zen_ZA
dc.date.issued2024-03en_ZA
dc.descriptionThesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2024.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractENGLISH OPSOMMING: Tuberculosis continues to be a major global health challenge, with 10.6 million cases reported in 2021. South Africa faces a considerable tuberculosis problem, one of which is a high rate of undiagnosed cases. The prevalent tuberculosis detection methods in South Africa are plagued by inefficiencies, which contribute to the under-detection of the disease amongst those infected, in turn highlighting the need for more effective screening tools. In response to this, the World Health Organisation has prioritised the development of new diagnostic methods. This thesis contributes to these efforts by developing a biosensor for TB diagnosis, demonstrating the functionality of the developed device by quantifying a specific protein associated with the disease, thereby aligning with the targets for tuberculosis prevention, care, and control. The study includes an analysis of a commercial electrochemical sensor to establish a baseline for sensor attributes and functionalities. A series of prototypes were developed, each contributing to the iterative refinement of the sensor design. The prototypes explored various aspects of the device, progressively addressing manufacturing challenges noted throughout the development of the different prototypes. The project reached its zenith with Sensor M, which successfully combined the innovations developed throughout the process to quantify C-reactive protein. The device demonstrated a detection range from 10 ng/ml to 1 pg/ml and featured a control electrode for experimental validation. Within the electrochemical biosensing field the project made substantial contributions towards TB biomarker detection, and paves the way for future development in electrochemical lateral flow biosensor technology.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tuberkulose is steeds ’n wˆereldwye gesondheidskwessie, met 10.6 miljoen gevalle wat in 2021 aangemeld is. Suid-Afrika staar ’n tuberkuloseprobleem in die gesig, waarvan een ’n ho¨e koers van ongediagnoseerde gevalle is. Die mees algemene tuberkulose-opsporingsmetodes wat in Suid-Afrika voorkom word gekenmerk deur ondoeltreffendheid, wat die behoefte aan meer effektiewe opsporingsmetode onderstreep. Die Wˆereldgesondheidsorganisasie het klem gelˆe op die ontwikkeling van nuwe diagnostiese metodes om die siekte op te spoor en dra hierdie tesis by tot die bogenoemde pogings, deur ’n biosensor vir TB-diagnose te ontwikkel. Die funksionaliteit van die ontwikkelde toestel word demonstreer deur die kwantifisering van ’n spesifieke prote¨ıen wat met die siekte geassosieer word. Die studie sluit ’n ontleding van ’n kommersi¨ele elektrochemiese sensor in om ’n basislyn vir sensorkenmerke en -funksionaliteite vas te stel. ’n Reeks prototipes is ontwikkel, wat elk bygedra het tot die iteratiewe verfyning van die sensorontwerp. Die prototipes het verskeie aspekte van die toestel ondersoek en vervaardigingsuitdagings wat regdeur die ontwikkeling van die verskillende prototipes opgemerk is, geleidelik aangespreek. Die projek het sy hoogtepunt bereik met Sensor M, wat die innovasies wat deur die proses ontwikkel is, suksesvol gekombineer het om C-reaktiewe prote¨ıen te kwantifiseer. Die toestel het ’n opsporingskonsentrasie reeks van 10 ng/ml tot 1 pg/ml getoon en het ’n kontrole-elektrode vir eksperimentele stawing. Binne die elektrochemiese biosensor-veld het die projek aansienlike bydraes gelewer tot TB- biomerkeropsporing, waar die ontwikkeling van die toeste die weg baan vir toekomstige ontwikkeling in elektrochemiese laterale vloei-biosensortegnologie.af_ZA
dc.description.versionDoctorateen_ZA
dc.format.extentxix, 251 pages : illustrationsen_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttps://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/130295en_ZA
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherStellenbosch : Stellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.rights.holderStellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.subjectDevelopment of a layered electrochemical biosensoren_ZA
dc.subject.lcshElectrochemical sensorsen_ZA
dc.subject.lcshBiosensorsen_ZA
dc.subject.lcshTuberculosis -- Pathogenesisen_ZA
dc.subject.lcshPrototypes, Engineeringen_ZA
dc.subject.lcshUCTDen_ZA
dc.titleDevelopment of a layered electrochemical biosensoren_ZA
dc.typeThesisen_ZA
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