Economic evaluation of safety-engineered devices and training in reducing needlestick injuries among healthcare workers in South Africa
Date
2018
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Health & Medical Publishing Group
Abstract
Background. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of contracting various communicable diseases. Needlestick injuries (NSIs) are a common mechanism of exposure. Training in basic universal precautions and utilisation of safety-engineered devices (SEDs) are interventions known to reduce the risk of NSI.
Objectives. To assess the cost-utility of SEDs v. a training programme in universal precautions (TP) v. a combination strategy to reduce NSIs among South African HCWs.
Methods. A Markov model comparing SEDs v. a TP v. a combination strategy against current practice was developed. A hypothetical cohort of HCWs working in the SA public sector was followed from a payer’s perspective for a period of 45 years, and discounted costs and benefits were assessed. Data were obtained from the National Department of Health, suppliers and published literature. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted.
Results. Over the study time horizon, our model estimated that 2 209, 3 314 and 4 349 needlestick injuries per 1 000 HCWs could be prevented if a TP, SEDs or a combination strategy, respectively, was adopted compared with current practice. All three candidate interventions were cost-effective at a willingness to pay (WTP) of one times the gross domestic product per capita (USD6 483.90/quality-adjusted life-year (QUALY) gained). SEDs as a stand-alone intervention was dominated by a combination strategy. Compared with current practice, the incremental cost-effectiveness of training was USD32.90/QALY v. USD432.32/QALY for SEDs and USD377.08/QALY for a combination strategy. Results were sensitive to the effectiveness of the interventions. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that at a WTP of USD6 483.90/QALY gained, a combination strategy would be cost-effective 95.4% of the time.
Conclusions. A combination strategy in which both SEDs and a TP are adopted is preferred.
Description
CITATION: De Jager, P., Zungu, M. & Dyers, R. E. 2018. Economic evaluation of safety-engineered devices and training in reducing needlestick injuries among healthcare workers in South Africa. South African Medical Journal, 108(6):477-483, doi:10.7196/SAMJ.2018.v108i6.12913.
The original publication is available at http://www.samj.org.za
The original publication is available at http://www.samj.org.za
Keywords
Needlestick injuries -- Safety measures -- Economic aspects -- South Africa, Medical personnel -- Wounds and injuries -- South Africa
Citation
De Jager, P., Zungu, M. & Dyers, R. E. 2018. Economic evaluation of safety-engineered devices and training in reducing needlestick injuries among healthcare workers in South Africa. South African Medical Journal, 108(6):477-483, doi:10.7196/SAMJ.2018.v108i6.12913