Tuberculous meningitis and miliary tuberculosis in young children

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dc.contributor.authorVan Den Bos F.
dc.contributor.authorTerken M.
dc.contributor.authorYpma L.
dc.contributor.authorKimpen J.L.L.
dc.contributor.authorNel E.D.
dc.contributor.authorSchaaf H.S.
dc.contributor.authorSchoeman J.F.
dc.contributor.authorDonald P.R.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T16:18:17Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T16:18:17Z
dc.date.issued2004
dc.description.abstractOBJECTIVES: To document the clinical and diagnostic features of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in young children with and without concomitant miliary tuberculosis (TB). METHODS: A retrospective comparative study. RESULTS: Of 104 children with TBM, 32 (31%), median age 17.0 months, had a miliary appearance on chest radiograph; 72 (69%), median age 30.5 months, had TBM only (P = 0.04). Mediastinal adenopathy was noted in 27 (84%) of the children with miliary TB and 33 (46%) of those with TBM only (P = 0.0005). The mean cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocyte and polymorphonuclear counts of all children (no significant differences between groups) were 137 x 10 6/l and 38 x 106/l and the mean protein and glucose concentrations were 1.45 g/l and 0.72 mmol/l, respectively. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes were predominant in the CSF of 17% of children, in 16% the CSF glucose was >2.2 mmol/l and in 26% the CSF protein was <0.8 g/l. On Mantoux testing 37 (65%) of 57 children with TBM only and 12 (48%) of 25 children with TBM and miliary TB had an induration of ≥10 mm (P = 0.23). Ten children (10%) died, five (7%) who had TBM only and five (16%) who had TBM and miliary TB. CONCLUSION: Children with TBM and miliary TB were younger and more likely to have mediastinal adenopathy on chest radiography than those with TBM only. Diagnostic features and investigations in both groups may be misleading at times.
dc.description.versionArticle
dc.identifier.citationTropical Medicine and International Health
dc.identifier.citation9
dc.identifier.citation2
dc.identifier.issn13602276
dc.identifier.other10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01185.x
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/14592
dc.subjectglucose
dc.subjectprotein
dc.subjectmeningitis
dc.subjecttuberculosis
dc.subjectage distribution
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectcerebrospinal fluid analysis
dc.subjectcerebrospinal fluid cytology
dc.subjectchild
dc.subjectchildhood mortality
dc.subjectclinical feature
dc.subjectdiagnostic value
dc.subjectdisease duration
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjectlymphadenopathy
dc.subjectlymphocyte count
dc.subjectmediastinum
dc.subjectmiliary tuberculosis
dc.subjectpolymorphonuclear cell
dc.subjectprotein cerebrospinal fluid level
dc.subjectthorax radiography
dc.subjecttuberculin test
dc.subjecttuberculous meningitis
dc.subjectAge Distribution
dc.subjectAntitubercular Agents
dc.subjectChild
dc.subjectChild, Preschool
dc.subjectDrug Resistance, Bacterial
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectInfant
dc.subjectLeukocyte Count
dc.subjectMycobacterium tuberculosis
dc.subjectRetrospective Studies
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjectTuberculosis, Meningeal
dc.subjectTuberculosis, Miliary
dc.titleTuberculous meningitis and miliary tuberculosis in young children
dc.typeArticle
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