Vinnige identifikasie van botaniese- en geografiese oorsprong van Suid-Afrikaanse heuning
| dc.contributor.advisor | Manley, Marena | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Williams, Paul James | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Allsopp, Mike | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Vermeulen, Marguerite Antoinette | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.other | Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Food Science. | en_ZA |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-11-27T07:19:48Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-01-31T19:41:35Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-11-27T07:19:48Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-01-31T19:41:35Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-12 | |
| dc.description | Thesis (MScFoodSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2020. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The botanical and geographic origin has the greatest influence on the properties of honey, and so it affects the price of honey as well. Therefore, it is important to determine the origin of the honey. Mellisopalionology analysis is the traditional method of determining the botanical and geographical origins of honey, but it is time consuming and requires an expert. This study aimed to develop a quick and easy method to determine the botanical and geographical origin of South African honey. NIR spectroscopy was used in conjunction with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA) for classification. Two different instruments were used for scanning honey, namely the benchtop instrument and the handheld instrument. The benchtop instrument in transflection and the handheld in diffusion reflection. The handheld instrument was used with two different presentation modes, a Teflon cup and a glass vial. The average spectra of the benchtop instrument indicated four main absorption bands at 1460 (sugar and moisture related), 1940 (moisture related), 2090 and 2280 nm (both sugar related) while the handheld intrument only indicated two main absorption bands for each presentation mode at 995 (aromatic related) ) and 1200 nm (sugar related), and 1200 and 1450 nm (sugar and moisture related) for the Teflon cup and glass vial respectively. The main component analysis (PCA) score plots for the botanical classification showed poor separation between the classes [fynbos (Sandveld and Strandveld) and ‘others’ (lucerne, macadamia, red river gum, saligna, citrus)]. This is due to the complexity of honey. For the geographic classification, the PCA score plots showed better separation especially for the Hopefield and Stanford classes. The Stellenbosch class overlapped with the other two classes. The reason for this was that Stellenbosch's vegetation is a mixture of mostly fynbos and Eucalyptus, while Hopefield has mostly fynbos and Stanford mostly has Eucalyptus. The hand model (Teflon cup) showed the best classification botanical classification with a prediction accuracy of 79.63%. This accuracy shows that fynbos could not be successfully distinguished from the ‘other’ honey, but does have the potential if a larger sample set can be collected. The geographical classification achieved an overall good predictive accuracy of 84.21% with the hand model (glass vial). This therefore appears to have been classified between the geographical origins, but by going back to the PCA score plots it can be seen that the classification is rather based on the botanical origin of the samples which is therefore a distinction between fynbos and Eucalyptus honey. With this finding, it shows that a distinction can be made between the botanical origin of South African honey, but a larger sample set is needed. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die botaniese- en georgrafiese oorsprong het die grootste invloed op die eienskappe van heuning, en so beïnvloed dit die prys van die heuning ook. Daarom is dit belangrik om die oorsprong van die heuning te bepaal. Palinologiese analise is die tradisionele metode om die botaniese- en geografiese oorspronge van heuning te bepaal, maar dit is tydrowend en ’n deskundige word benodig. Hierdie studie het beoog om ’n vinnige en maklike metode te ontwikkel om die botaniese- en geografiese oorsprong van Suid-Afrikaanse heuning te bepaal. NIR-spektroskopie is tesame met parsiële kleinste kwadratediskriminantanalise (PLS-DA) gebruik vir klassifikasie. Twee verskillende instrumente is vir die skandering van heuning gebruik, naamlik die tafelinstrument en die handapparaat. Die tafelinstrument met transfleksie en die handapparaat met diffusierefleksie. Die handapparaat was met twee verskillende voorstellingsmetodes gebruik, ’n Teflonkoppie en ’n glasflessie. Die gemiddelde spektra van die tafelinstrument het vier hoof absorpsiebande by 1460 (suiker en vog verwant), 1940 (vog verwant), 2090 en 2280 nm (beide suiker verwant) aangedui terwyl die handapparaat slegs twee hoof absorpsiebande vir elke voorstellingsmetode by 995 (aromaties verwant) en 1200 nm (suiker verwant), en 1200 en 1450 nm (suiker en vog verwant) vir die Teflonkoppie en glasflessie respektiewelik gewys het. Die hoofkomponentanalise(PCA)-tellingstippings vir die botaniese klassifikasie het swak skeiding tussen die klasse [fynbos (Sandveld en Strandveld) en ‘ander’ (lusern, makadamia, rooibloekom, saligna, sitrus)] getoon getoon. Hierdie is as gevolg van die kompleksiteit van heuning. Vir die geografiese klassifikasie het die PCA-tellingstippings beter skeiding getoon veral vir die Hopefield- and Stanfordklasse. Die Stellenboschklas het oorvleuel met die ander twee klasse. Die rede vir hierdie was dat Stellenbosch se plantegroei ‘n mengsel van meestal fynbos en Eukaliptus is, terwyl Hopefield meestal fynbos het en Stanford meestal Eukaliptus het. Die handmodel (Teflonkoppie) het die beste klassifikasie botaniese klassifikasie getoon met ’n voorspellingsakkuraatheid van 79.63%. Hierdie akkuraatheid wys dat fynbos nie suksesvol van die ‘ander’ heuning onderskei kon word nie, maar wel die potensiaal het indien ’n groter monsterstel ingesamel kan word. Die geografiese klassifikasie het ’n algemene goeie voorspellingsakkuraatheid van 84.21% behaal met die handmodel (glasflessie). Hierdie vertoon dus asof daar tussen die geografiese oorspronge geklassifiseer kon word, maar deur terug te gaan na die PCAtellingstippings kan daar gesien word dat die klassifikasie eerder op die botaniese oorsprong van die monsters lê wat dus ’n onderskeid tussen fynbos en Eukaliptus heuning is. Met hierdie bevinding wys dit dat daar wel tussen die botaniese oorsprong van Suid-Afrikaanse heuning onderskei kan word, maar ’n groter monsterstel word benodig. | af_ZA |
| dc.description.version | Masters | af_ZA |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/109259 | |
| dc.language.iso | af_ZA | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University | en_ZA |
| dc.rights.holder | Stellenbosch University | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Honey -- History | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Mellisopalionology | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Bee culture -- Economic aspects -- South Africa | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Honey -- Origin | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Near infrared spectroscopy | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Honey -- Analysis | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Principal components analysis | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Pollination -- Effect of climatic changes on | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | UCTD | en_ZA |
| dc.title | Vinnige identifikasie van botaniese- en geografiese oorsprong van Suid-Afrikaanse heuning | af_ZA |
| dc.type | Thesis | af_ZA |