Allocating commodity volumes in the citrus export cold chain: A case for the Port of Durban
| dc.contributor.advisor | Goedhals-Gerber, Leila Louise | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Thiart, Jeanette | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Darley-Waddilove, Joshua Ian | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.other | Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. Dept. of Logistics | en_ZA |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-02-27T11:49:14Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-04-21T14:32:23Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-02-27T11:49:14Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-04-21T14:32:23Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021-03 | |
| dc.description | Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2021. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this study, the feasibility of using “forced” allocation as a mechanism to aide in alleviating capacity challenges at the Port of Durban is explored and insights on the impact of reallocation to the citrus export cold chain is provided. The use of the mechanism is explored by limiting the allowable citrus throughput that may be handled at the Port of Durban for varying through put scenarios, and using allocation techniques to allocate the allowable citrus throughput amongst the competing production regions. An allocation model framework is formulated to optimally allocate the total citrus export volumes in a season to each of the South African ports that export citrus, taking into account the allowable port throughput constraint at the Port of Durban. The allocation model framework is modelled as a minimum cost transport problem and is solved using linear programming. The results of the 2019 actual export season for citrus exports is compared to the results of the 2019 forecasted export season to determine if there is a single suitable allocation technique that can be used to allocate the allowable port throughput to the production regions in the allocation model framework for future export seasons. The results show that there is no single suitable allocation technique, and so allocations on forecasted citrus export volumes must be done on a case-by-case basis. A possible export plan for the 2021 forecasted export season is calculated using the allocation model framework for each scenario to provide a baseline export plan for the different allowable throughput scenario’s at the Port of Durban. The forecasted citrus export volumes are forecasted using a four period double moving average forecasting model. The feasibility of using “forced” allocation as mechanism to alleviate capacity challenges faced at the Port of Durban is assessed on two criteria, namely the availability of theoretical excess capacity at the alternate ports to handle the citrus volumes reallocated and the change in total transport cost to the citrus export cold chain. The assessment of the criteria, and the analysis of the results, indicate that the use of “forced” allocation is feasible in the majority of, but not in all of the port throughput scenarios. Even though it is feasible in terms of the available capacity, there is, however, an increased transport cost to the citrus export cold chain in the majority of the scenario’s analysed. This additional transport cost must be weighed up against the cost of congestion and lost time, and will have to be absorbed by the citrus export cold chain. Eventhough there is an increase in transport cost, which can affect the total citrus export cold chain by as much as +35.2% (in the worst case scenario), the mechanism is deemed feasible as the impact of the increased transport cost is a relative measure that will have a varying impact amongst the different stakeholders of the citrus export cold chain and so each stakeholder will have to decide independently if it is feasible to them. The study achieved its primary aim of alleviating capacity pressures at the Port of Durban by reallocating citrus volumes to all South African ports that can handle citrus under different levels of available capacity at the Port of Durban. Therefore, “forced” allocation is deemed a good alternative solution to the current congested situation. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die lewensvatbaarheid van “geforseerde” toewysing as ’n meganisme om te help met die verligting van kapasiteitsuitdagings by Durban-hawe. Verder word insigte oor die impak van hertoewysing op die sitrus uitvoer-koue-ketting verskaf. Die gebruik van hierdie meganisme word ondersoek deur die toelaatbare sitrus deurvoer wat by Durban-hawe hanteer kan word vir verskillende deurvoer scenario’s te beperk, en gebruik te maak van toekenningstegnieke om die toelaatbare sitrusdeurvoer aan die mededingende produksiestreke toe te wys. ’n Toekenningsmodelraamwerk word geformuleer om die totale sitrusuitvoervolumes in ’n seisoen optimal aan elk van die Suid-Afrikaanse sitrus hawens toe te wys, met inagneming van die toelaatbare hawedeurvoerbeperking by Durban-hawe. Die toekenningsmodelraamwerk is gemodelleer as ’n minimum koste vervoerprobleem en word deur die gebruik van liniere programmering opgelos.Die resultate van die 2019 werklike uitvoerseisoen vir sitrusuitvoere word vergelyk met die resultate van die 2019 voorspelde uitvoerseisoen om te bepaal of daar ’n enkele geskikte toekenningstegniek is wat gebruik kan word om die toelaatbare hawedeurvoer aan die produksiestreke in die toekenningsmodelraamwerk vir toekomstige uitvoerseisoene toe te wys. Die resultate toon dat daar geen enkele geskikte toekenningstegniek is nie, dus moet toekennings op vooruitgeskatte sitrus uitvoervolumes op ’n geval-tot-geval grondslag gedoen word. ’n Moontlike uitvoerplan vir die 2021 vooruitgeskatte uitvoerseisoen word bereken deur gebruik te maak van die toeken-ningsmodelraamwerk vir elke scenario om ’n basislyn-uitvoerplan vir die verskillende toelaatbare deurvoerscenario’s by Durban-hawe te verskaf. Die sitrus uitvoervolumes word voorspel deur ’n vier-tydperk-dubbelbewegende-gemiddelde-vooruitskattingsmodel. Die haalbaarheid van die gebruik van “geforseerde” toewysing as meganisme om kapasiteitsuitdagings wat Durban-hawe in die gesig staar te verlig, word op twee kriteria geassesseer, naamlik: die beskikbaarheid van teoretiese oortollige kapasiteit by die alternatiewe hawens om die sitrusvolumes te hanteer, en die verandering in totale vervoerkoste aan die sitrusuitvoer-koue-ketting. Die assessering van die kriteria, en die ontleding van die resultate, dui daarop dat die gebruik van “geforseerde” toekenning haalbaar is in die meerderheid, maar nie in al die hawedeurvoerscenario’s nie. Alhoewel dit haalbaar is in terme van die beskikbare kapasiteit, is daar egter ’n verhoogde vervoerkoste vir die sitrusuitvoer-koue-ketting in die meerderheid van die scenario’s wat ontleed is. Hierdie addisionele vervoerkoste moet opgeweeg word teen die koste van opeenhoping, asook verlore tyd, en sal deur die sitrusuitvoer-koue-ketting geabsorbeer moet word. Selfs al is daar ’n verhoging in vervoerkoste wat die totale sitrusuitvoer-koue-ketting met soveel as +35.2% (in die slegste geval scenario) kan verhoog, word die meganisme as haalbaar geag aangesien die impak van die verhoogde vervoerkoste ’n relatiewe maatstaf is wat ’n wisselende impak op die verskillende belanghebbendes van die sitrusuitvoer-koue-ketting sal he, dus sal elke belanghebbende onafhanklik moet besluit of dit lewensvatbaar vir hulle sal wees. Die studie het geslaag in sy primere doel, naamlik die verligting van kapasiteitsdruk by Durban-hawe, deur die hertoewysing van sitrus volumes aan al die sitrus hawens, onder verskillende vlakke van kapasiteit beskikbaarheid by Durban-hawe. Gevolglik word ”geforseerde” toewysing as ’n goeie alternatiewe oplossing vir die huidige oorlaaide situasie beskou. | af_ZA |
| dc.description.version | Masters | |
| dc.format.extent | xix, 189 pages : illustrations | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/109927 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_ZA | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University | en_ZA |
| dc.rights.holder | Stellenbosch University | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Citrus fruit industry -- South Africa -- Durban | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Harbors -- South Africa -- Ethekweni Municipality Metropolitan | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Fruit trade -- South Africa -- Mathematical models | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Exports -- South Africa -- Cost effectiveness | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Business logistics -- Mathematical models | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | UCTD | |
| dc.title | Allocating commodity volumes in the citrus export cold chain: A case for the Port of Durban | en_ZA |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_ZA |