Atmospheric heavy metal deposition in North Macedonia from 2002 to 2010 studied by Moss biomonitoring technique

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dc.contributor.authorBarandovski, Lambeen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorStafilov, Trajceen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSajn, Roberten_ZA
dc.contributor.authorFrontasyeva, Marinaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorAndonovska, Katerina Bacevaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-27T08:41:41Z
dc.date.available2022-06-27T08:41:41Z
dc.date.issued2020-08-30
dc.descriptionCITATION: Barandovski, L. et al. 2020. Atmospheric heavy metal deposition in North Macedonia from 2002 to 2010 studied by Moss biomonitoring technique. Atmosphere, 11(9):929, doi:10.3390/atmos11090929.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at https://www.mdpi.com
dc.description.abstractMoss biomonitoring technique was used for a heavy-metal pollution study in Macedonia in the framework of the International Cooperative Program on Effects of Air Pollution on Natural Vegetation and Crops (UNECE IPC Vegetation). Moss samples (n = 72) were collected during the summers of 2002, 2005, and 2010. The contents of 41 elements were determined by neutron activation analysis, atomic absorption spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Using factor and cluster analyses, three geogenic factors were determined (Factor 1, including Al, As, Co, Cs, Fe, Hf, Na, Rb, Sc, Ta, Th, Ti, U, V, Zr, and rare-earth elements–RE; Factor 4 with Ba, K, and Sr; and Factor 5 with Br and I), one anthropogenic factor (Factor 2, including Cd, Pb, Sb, and Zn), and one geogenic-anthropogenic factor (Factor 3, including Cr and Ni). The highest anthropogenic impact of heavy metal to the air pollution in the country was from the ferronickel smelter near Kavadraci (Ni and Cr), the lead and zinc mines in the vicinity of Makedonska Kamenica, Probištip, and Kriva Palanka in the eastern part of the country (Cd, Pb, and Zn), and the former lead and zinc smelter plant in Veles. Beside the anthropogenic influences, the lithology and the composition of the soil also play an important role in the distribution of the elements.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/9/929
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent23 pages : illustrations
dc.identifier.citationBarandovski, L. et al. 2020. Atmospheric heavy metal deposition in North Macedonia from 2002 to 2010 studied by Moss biomonitoring technique. Atmosphere, 11(9):929, doi:10.3390/atmos11090929.
dc.identifier.issn2073-4433 (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.3390/atmos11090929
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/125411
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyright
dc.subjectHeavy metals -- Environmental aspects -- Macedoniaen_ZA
dc.subjectEnvironmental monitoringen_ZA
dc.subjectMossesen_ZA
dc.subjectEnvironmental toxicologyen_ZA
dc.subjectEcologyen_ZA
dc.subjectPollutionen_ZA
dc.subjectInternational Cooperative Programme on Effects of Air Pollution on Natural Vegetation and Cropsen_ZA
dc.subjectUNECE ICP Vegetationen_ZA
dc.subjectBiological monitoringen_ZA
dc.subjectBiomonitoringen_ZA
dc.titleAtmospheric heavy metal deposition in North Macedonia from 2002 to 2010 studied by Moss biomonitoring techniqueen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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