Seasonality in associations between dietary diversity scores and nutrient adequacy ratios among pregnant women in rural Malawi – a cross-sectional study

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dc.contributor.authorHjertholm, Katrine G.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorHolmboe-Ottesen, Gerden_ZA
dc.contributor.authorIversen, Per O.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMdala, Ibrahimuen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMunthali, Alisteren_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMaleta, Kennethen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorShi, Zuminen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorFerguson, Elaineen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKamudoni, Penjanien_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-05T14:18:21Z
dc.date.available2021-11-05T14:18:21Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.descriptionCITATION: Hjertholm, K. G., et al. 2019. Seasonality in associations between dietary diversity scores and nutrient adequacy ratios among pregnant women in rural Malawi – a cross-sectional study. Food and Nutrition Research, 63:2712, doi:10.29219/fnr.v63.2712.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr
dc.description.abstractBackground: Dietary diversity scores (DDS) are simple indicators often used as proxies for nutrient adequacy. A 10-food group indicator is proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations as a global standard for measuring dietary diversity among women in low-resource settings. However, its validity as a proxy for nutrient adequacy across different agricultural seasons for pregnant women has not been determined. Objective: We studied associations between DDS and nutrient adequacy ratios (NAR) across two different agricultural seasons (pre- and post-harvest seasons) for pregnant women in rural Malawi and assessed whether a 1-day DDS or a 3-day DDS would be the best indicator of nutrient adequacy. Design: Dietary intakes of 330 pregnant women were assessed between gestational weeks 28 and 35. Intakes of energy, macronutrients, and 11 micronutrients were estimated using three repeated interactive 24-h diet recalls, and DDS were also calculated from these days. Correlation coefficients (r) between DDS, NAR, and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) of the 11 micronutrients were determined. Results: After energy adjustments, we found significant correlations between DDS and MAR with both DDS indicators in the preharvest season (r = 0.22–0.23; p < 0.001) but not in the post-harvest season (p > 0.05). For individual energy-adjusted NARs, correlations were not consistently significant across the two seasons and the two DDS indicators. Conclusions: Our results suggest that DDS could be used to predict overall nutrient adequacy during the preharvest season. As similar correlations were found using both the 1- and 3-day indicators, we recommend using a 1-day DDS, for simplicity. However, as the indicators are sensitive to seasonality they should be used with care in this study setting.en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshiprj202111
dc.description.urihttps://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/2712
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent8 pages
dc.identifier.citationHjertholm, K. G., et al. 2019. Seasonality in associations between dietary diversity scores and nutrient adequacy ratios among pregnant women in rural Malawi – a cross-sectional study. Food and Nutrition Research, 63:2712, doi:10.29219/fnr.v63.2712
dc.identifier.issn1654-661X (online)
dc.identifier.issn1654-6628 (print)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.29219/fnr.v63.2712
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/123370
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherSwedish Nutrition Foundation
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyright
dc.subjectDietary diversity score -- Malawien_ZA
dc.subjectNutrition -- Requirements -- Seasonal variations -- Malawien_ZA
dc.subjectPregnant women -- Nutrition -- Malawien_ZA
dc.titleSeasonality in associations between dietary diversity scores and nutrient adequacy ratios among pregnant women in rural Malawi – a cross-sectional studyen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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