Low vitamin-D levels combined with PKP3-SIGIRR-TMEM16J host variants is associated with tuberculosis and death in HIV-infected and -exposed infants

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dc.contributor.authorGupta, Amitaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMontepiedra, Graceen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorGupte, Akshayen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorZeldow, Breten_ZA
dc.contributor.authorJubulis, Jenniferen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDetrick, Barbaraen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorViolari, Avyen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMadhi, Shabiren_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBobat, Raziyaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorCotton, Marken_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMitchell, Charlesen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSpector, Stephenen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorIMPAACT NWCS113 and P1041 Study Teamen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2017-09-20T12:49:33Z
dc.date.available2017-09-20T12:49:33Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.descriptionCITATION: Gupta, A., et al. 2016. Low vitamin-D levels combined with PKP3-SIGIRR-TMEM16J host variants is associated with tuberculosis and death in HIV-infected and -exposed infants. PLoS ONE, 11(2):e0148649, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148649.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at http://journals.plos.org/plosone
dc.description.abstractBackground: This study examined the associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and specific host genetic variants that affect vitamin D levels or its effects on immune function, with the risk of TB or mortality in children. Methods: A case-cohort sample of 466 South African infants enrolled in P1041 trial (NCT00080119) underwent 25-hydroxyvitamin D testing by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that alter the effect of vitamin D [e.g. vitamin D receptor (VDR)], vitamin D levels [e.g. vitamin D binding protein (VDBP)], or toll like receptor (TLR) expression (SIGIRR including adjacent genes PKP3 and TMEM16J) were identified by real-time PCR. Outcomes were time to TB, and to the composite of TB or death by 192 weeks of follow-up. Effect modification between vitamin D status and SNPs for outcomes was assessed. Findings: Median age at 25-hydroxyvitamin D determination was 8 months; 11% were breastfed, 51% were HIV-infected and 26% had low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (<32ng/mL). By 192 weeks, 138 incident TB cases (43 definite/probable, and 95 possible) and 26 deaths occurred. Adjusting for HIV status and potential confounders, low 25-hydroxyvitamin D was associated with any TB (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.76, 95% CI 1.01–3.05; p = 0.046) and any TB or death (aHR 1.76, 95% CI 1.03–3.00; p = 0.038). Children with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D and TMEM 16J rs7111432-AA or PKP3 rs10902158-GG were at increased risk for probable/definite TB or death (aHR 8.12 and 4.83, p<0.05) and any TB or death (aHR 4.78 and 3.26, p<0.005) respectively; SNPs in VDBP, VDR, and vitamin D precursor or hydroxylation genes were not. There was significant interaction between low 25-hydroxyvitamin D and, TMEM 16J rs7111432-AA (p = 0.04) and PKP3 rs10902158-GG (p = 0.02) SNPs. Conclusions: Two novel SNPs, thought to be associated with innate immunity, in combination with low vitamin D levels were identified as increasing a young child’s risk of developing TB disease or death. Identifying high-risk children and providing targeted interventions such as vitamin D supplementation may be beneficial.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0148649
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent19 pages
dc.identifier.citationGupta, A., et al. 2016. Low vitamin-D levels combined with PKP3-SIGIRR-TMEM16J host variants is associated with tuberculosis and death in HIV-infected and -exposed infants. PLoS ONE, 11(2):e0148649, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148649
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203 (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148649
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/102266
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Science
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyright
dc.subjectVitamin-D deficiencyen_ZA
dc.subjectTuberculosis in childrenen_ZA
dc.subjectHIV-positive childrenen_ZA
dc.subjectInfants -- Mortalityen_ZA
dc.subjectImmunityen_ZA
dc.titleLow vitamin-D levels combined with PKP3-SIGIRR-TMEM16J host variants is associated with tuberculosis and death in HIV-infected and -exposed infantsen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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