Opdamming by brue en hidrouliese kragte op brugstrukture

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dc.contributor.advisorRooseboom, A.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBasson, Gerrit Rouxen_ZA
dc.contributor.otherStellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Civil Engineering.
dc.date.accessioned2012-08-27T12:26:50Z
dc.date.available2012-08-27T12:26:50Z
dc.date.issued1990
dc.descriptionThesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 1990.
dc.description.abstractENGLISH ABSTRACT: The high priority which is given to high standard road alignments ha.s a restrictive effect on the choice of hydraulicly suitable bridge, locations. Furthermore, increasing costs have the result that bridge, lengths and heights have to be optimized based on the risk involved. Hydraulic aspects in the design of bridge waterways are therefore becoming increasingly more important. Damming at bridges and hydraulic forces acting on bridge structures are analised in this thesis and an evaluation of theoretical calculation methods is made by comparing calculated results with field data for South African conditions. Verification of theoretical damming formulae with field observations at nine bridges of which data was obtained from the Department of Water Affairs, indicated good agreement between calculated and surveyed data for values of the contraction coefficient, M, smaller than 0,85. In cases, however, where the bridge has a small influence on the natural river flow (M > 0,85), calculations indicated an underestimation of damming by up to 60% with the "Hydraulics of Bridge Waterways" method. The formula derived by D' Aubuisson gives more reliable damming heights and should therefore be used when the contraction coefficient exceeds 0,85. Hydrodynamic drag forces and coefficients were calculated at 17 bridge sites in South Africa with the use of the momentum principle. Drag forces acting on bridge piers and decks were analysed and drag coefficients of 2,8 and 3,2 could be derived respectively. These coefficients seem reliable based on available literature when the influence of debris and skew flow conditions are considered.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hoë standaard padbelynings. Toenemende kostes van brûe lei daartoe dat bruglengtes en -hoogstes volgens risiko geoptimiseer moet word. Die hidrouliese aspekte word dus al meer belangrik in die ontwerp van brûe en hidrouliese kragte op brugstrukture word in hierdie verhandeling ondersoek aan die hand van bestaande literatuur asook vergelyking van teoretiese berekenings met velddata vir Suid-Afrikaanse toestaande. Die verifikasie van teoretiese opdamformules met velddata van nege brûe wat verkry is van die Departement van Waterwese, het getoon dat vir waardes van die kontraksieverhouding, M, kleiner as 0,85 die berekende opdamhoogtes goed ooreenstem met opgemete waardes. Wanneer 'n brug egter nie 'n groot invloed op die natuurlike riviervloei het nie (M > 0.85), kan die "Hydraulics of Bridge Waterways" se berekeningsmetode (202)* opdamhoogtes met tot 60% onderberaam en gee D'Aubuisson se formule meer betroubare resultate. Hidrodinamiese sleurkragte en -koëffisiënte is bereken by 17 brûe in Suid-Afrika deur toepassing van die behoud van momantum-beginsel. Sleurkragte op brugpylers asook op brugdekke is ontleed en sleurkoëffisiënte blyk oor een te stem met dié in beskikbare literatuur indien die invloed van opdrifsels en skeefheid van vloei in ag geneem word.af_ZA
dc.description.versionMastersen_ZA
dc.format.extent306 pages : illustrationsen_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/68932
dc.language.isoaf_ZAaf_ZA
dc.publisherStellenbosch : Stellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.rights.holderStellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.subjectBridges -- South Africa -- Foundationsen_ZA
dc.subjectBridges -- South Africaen_ZA
dc.subjectHydraulicsen_ZA
dc.subjectBridges -- Structures, Engineering ofen_ZA
dc.subjectBridges -- Foundations and piersen_ZA
dc.titleOpdamming by brue en hidrouliese kragte op brugstruktureaf_ZA
dc.typeThesis
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