Drinking water temperature around the globe : understanding, policies, challenges and opportunities

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dc.contributor.authorAgudelo-Vera, Claudiaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorAvvedimento, Stefaniaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBoxall, Jobyen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorCreaco, Enricoen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDe Kater, Henken_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDi Nardo, Armandoen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDjukic, Aleksandaren_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDouterelo, Isabelen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorFish, Katherine E.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorRey, Pedro L. Iglesiasen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorJacimovic, Nenaden_ZA
dc.contributor.authorJacobs, Heinz E.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKapelan, Zoranen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSolano, Javier Martinezen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorPachongo, Carolina Montoyaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorPiller, Olivieren_ZA
dc.contributor.authorQuintiliani, Claudiaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorRučka, Janen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorTuhovčák, Ladislaven_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-08T13:12:36Zen_ZA
dc.date.available2022-04-08T13:12:36Zen_ZA
dc.date.issued2020-04en_ZA
dc.descriptionCITATION: Agudelo-Vera, Claudia et al. 2020. Drinking water temperature around the globe : understanding, policies, challenges and opportunities. Water, 12(4):1049, doi:10.3390/w12041049.en_ZA
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at: https://www.mdpi.comen_ZA
dc.description.abstractENGLISH ABSTRACT: Water temperature is often monitored at water sources and treatment works; however, there is limited monitoring of the water temperature in the drinking water distribution system (DWDS), despite a known impact on physical, chemical and microbial reactions which impact water quality. A key parameter influencing drinking water temperature is soil temperature, which is influenced by the urban heat island e ects. This paper provides critique and comprehensive summary of the current knowledge, policies and challenges regarding drinking water temperature research and presents the findings from a survey of international stakeholders. Knowledge gaps as well as challenges and opportunities for monitoring and research are identified. The conclusion of the study is that temperature in the DWDS is an emerging concern in various countries regardless of the water source and treatment, climate conditions, or network characteristics such as topology, pipe material or diameter. More research is needed, especially to determine (i) the e ect of higher temperatures, (ii) a legislative limit on temperature and (iii) measures to comply with this limit.en_ZA
dc.description.versionPublisher's versionen_ZA
dc.format.extent19 pagesen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationAgudelo-Vera, Claudia et al. 2020. Drinking water temperature around the globe : understanding, policies, challenges and opportunities. Water, 12(4):1049, doi:10.3390/w12041049en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn2073-4441 (online)en_ZA
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.3390/w12041049en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/124432en_ZA
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherMDPIen_ZA
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyrighten_ZA
dc.subjectTap water -- Temperatureen_ZA
dc.subjectClimate changeen_ZA
dc.subjectDrinking water treatment devicesen_ZA
dc.subjectSubsurface urban heat islanden_ZA
dc.subjectWater quality -- Safetyen_ZA
dc.subjectWater-supply engineeringen_ZA
dc.titleDrinking water temperature around the globe : understanding, policies, challenges and opportunitiesen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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