The moderating role of perceived organisational support on the effect of the leader member exchange relationship and power distance on occupational stress among employees in a military training unit

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dc.contributor.advisorMthembu, O. S.en_ZA
dc.contributor.advisorBester, P. C.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorNxumalo, Gugu Ntobekoen_ZA
dc.contributor.otherStellenbosch University. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. Dept. of Industrial Psychology.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-28T06:46:43Z
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-26T13:41:01Z
dc.date.available2024-02-28T06:46:43Z
dc.date.available2024-04-26T13:41:01Z
dc.date.issued2024-03
dc.descriptionThesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2024.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractENGLISH SUMMARY: Employees in organisations are the most significant and valuable assets as they are the main drivers to attaining organisational objectives. However, sometimes employees in a workplace may experience occupation-related stress, resulting from the kind of relationship employees have with their leaders and/or the high-power distance culture. Hence, employers constantly strive to ensure that employees remain motivated, focused, and stress-free by showing them that the organisation supports them in any possible way. That is because if employees perceive that an organisation is supportive and leaders maintain good relationships with them, that might minimise the experienced occupation-related stress. This study examined the effect of leader-member exchange (LMX) relationship and power distance (PD) on occupational stress. It further examined the moderating role of perceived organisational support (POS) on the effects that LMX and PD have on occupational stress experienced by employees in a military training unit (MTU). The sample comprised 206 Military Health Training Formation (MHTF) personnel (students and staff members) from different rank groupings, with different gender, age, and years of experience. The sample was drawn from the population using convenience sampling technique. This sampling method allowed this study to draw participants from MHTF members who were conveniently accessible during the data collection phase. Based on the accessed sample representing the total population of the MHTF, it cannot be confidently claimed that they are representatives of the targeted population. Thus, results and conclusions cannot be generalised but provides a status of the investigated variables within the MTU environment. This research adopted a quantitative research approach using an exploratory approach. The measuring instruments used to collect data for this research were 12-item LMX multidimensional scale, 5-item Power Distance Index (PDI) from the Cultural Value Scale (CVSCALE), 9-item General Work Stress Scale (GWSS) and 10-item Perceived Organisational Support Scale (POSS). Data collected for this study were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Linear Structural Relationship (LISREL). The SPSS was used to compute item reliability statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and moderation analysis. In contrast, LISREL was used to compute confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation modelling (SEM), as well as the measurement and the structural models. The results of the study showed that LMX relations have a negative significant effect on occupational stress and PD has nonsignificant effect on occupational stress. The results further revealed that POS has a significant negative moderation effect on the impact of LMX on occupational stress. The same effect was found where POS has a significant negative moderation effect on the impact of PD has occupational stress.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Werknemers in organisasies is die betekenisvolste en waardevolste bates aangesien hulle die drywers is om die organisasie se doelwitte te bereik. Nietemin, op ‘n seker punt mag werknemers werkstres in ‘n werkplek ervaar, wat die gevolg mag wees van die tipe verhouding wat werknemers met hulle leiers het en/of ‘n afstandskultuur met die hoer-vlak gesag. Werkgewers strewe dus voortdurend daarna om te verseker wat werknemers gemotiveerd bly, gefokus en stresvry, deur aan die werknemers te toon dat die organisasie vir hulle omgee en op alle maniere ondersteun. Wanneer werknemers waarneem dat ‘n organisasie ondersteunend is en die leiers goeie verhoudings met hulle handhaaf, kan dit die ervaring van beroepsverwante stres minimaliseer. Hierdie studie het die effek van Leier-Lid wisselingsverwantskap en gesagsafstand op beroepstres en die modererende rol van geagte organisasie-ondersteuning op die effek op werknemers in ‘n militere opleidingseenheid ondersoek. Die steekproef het uit 206 militere gesondsheidsopleidingsformasie-personeeel (studente en personeellede) uit verskillende ranggroeprings, verskillende geslagte, ouderdomme en jare ervaring bestaan. Die steekproef is uit die bevolking getrek deur middel van geriefsteekproefneming, wat die navorser toegelaat het om ’n steekproef uit die bevolking te trek wat gerieflik beskikbaar was gedurende die datainsamelingsfase. Hoewel dit ‘n geriefsteekproef was, voor deelname aan die studie is lede versoek om vrywilliglik aan die studie deel te neem. Die doel was om alle lede van die militere gesondheidsopleidingseenheid dieselfde geleentheid te bied om aan die studie deel te neem. Gebaseer op die geassesseerde steekproef as verteenwoordigend van die totale militere gesondheidsopleidingseenheid, kan dit nie met sekerheid gestel word dat hulle verteenwoordigend is van die teikenbevolking nie. Resultate en gevolgtrekkings kan dus nie veralgemeen word nie, maar bied aan die navorser ‘n stand van die bestudeerde veranderlikes binne die omgewing van die militere opleidingseenheid. Die navorsing het ‘n kwantitatiewe navorsingsbenadering gevolg deur ‘n verkennende benadering te gebruik. Die meetinstrumente wat gebruik is om data vir die studie in te samel was die “12-item Leader-Member Exchange (LMX)” multidimensionele skaal, “5-item Power Distance Index (PDI)” van die “Cultural Value Scale (CVSCALE)”, “9-item General Work Stress Scale (GWSS)” en “10-item Perceived Organisational Support Scale (POSS)”. Studiedata is geanaliseer met behulp van die Statistiese Pakket vir Sosiale Wetenskappe (“SPSS”) en Liniêre Strukturele Verwantskappe (“LISREL”). Die SPSS het die navorser toegelaat om itembetroubaarheidstatistiek te bereken, asook die “exploratory factor analysis (EFA)” en “moderation analysis”. In teenstelling hiermee is LISREL gebruik om die “confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)” en “structural equation modelling (SEM)” te bereken, beide die meting en die strukturele modelle. Die resultate van die studie toon dat leier-lid ruilverwantskappe ‘n noemenswaardige negatiewe effek op beroepstres het, en dat gesagsafstand nie ‘n noemenswaardige effek op beroepstres het nie. Die resultate het verder aan die lig gebring dat POS ‘n noemenswaardige negatiewe modereringseffek op die impak van LMX op beroepstres het. Dieselfde effek is gevind waar POS ‘n noemenswaardige negatiewe modereringseffek het op die impak wat PD op beroepstres het.af_ZA
dc.description.versionMasters
dc.format.extentxiv, 122 pages : illustrations
dc.identifier.urihttps://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/130330
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherStellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
dc.rights.holderStellenbosch University
dc.subject.lcshEmployees -- Job satisfactionen_ZA
dc.subject.lcshOrganizational behavioren_ZA
dc.subject.lcshPsychology, Industrialen_ZA
dc.subject.lcshEmployees -- Job stressen_ZA
dc.subject.nameUCTD
dc.titleThe moderating role of perceived organisational support on the effect of the leader member exchange relationship and power distance on occupational stress among employees in a military training uniten_ZA
dc.typeThesisen_ZA
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