Myelodysplasia and the acute myeloid leukaemias

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dc.contributor.authorJacobs P.
dc.contributor.authorWood L.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T16:16:31Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T16:16:31Z
dc.date.issued2002
dc.description.abstractThe myelodysplastic syndromes are increasingly recognised clinical entities reflecting a stem cell defect that gives rise to ineffective clonal haematopoiesis. The spectrum extends from relatively indolent refractory anaemia through varying combinations of leucopoenia and thrombocytopenia to acute leukaemia. Diagnosis rests on marrow hypercellularity with dysplastic morphology, apoptosis and, often distinctive cytogenetic defects. Stratification to risk-related protocols range from occasional blood transfusions or erythropoietin through innovative options including thalidomide or amifostine to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in selected individuals. Acute myeloid leukaemia, conceptually segregated from preleukaemia, is treated differently although accumulating cellular and molecular data favour a more integrated approach. Morphology and immunophenotyping are complemented by molecular genetics. On this basis chemotherapy alone is sufficient in defined subgroups whereas others benefit by autologous or allogeneic grafting. Attention to demonstrating minimal residual disease is the basis for more specific intervention exemplified by monoclonal antibodies or maturation-inducing agents as with retinoic acid in acute progranulocytic leukaemia.
dc.description.versionArticle
dc.identifier.citationHematology
dc.identifier.citation7
dc.identifier.citation6
dc.identifier.issn10245340
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/13819
dc.subjectamifostine
dc.subjectanthracycline antibiotic agent
dc.subjectciprofloxacin
dc.subjectcyclosporin A
dc.subjectcytarabine
dc.subjectcytokine
dc.subjectdanazol
dc.subjectdexamethasone
dc.subjecterythropoietin
dc.subjectgranulocyte colony stimulating factor
dc.subjectgranulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor
dc.subjecthuman immunoglobulin
dc.subjectmethylprednisolone
dc.subjectmonoclonal antibody
dc.subjectpentoxifylline
dc.subjectprednisone
dc.subjectretinoic acid
dc.subjectthalidomide
dc.subjectacute granulocytic leukemia
dc.subjectacute leukemia
dc.subjectapoptosis
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectblood transfusion
dc.subjectcancer chemotherapy
dc.subjectcell structure
dc.subjectclinical protocol
dc.subjectcytogenetics
dc.subjecthematopoiesis
dc.subjecthematopoietic stem cell
dc.subjecthematopoietic stem cell transplantation
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjectimmunophenotyping
dc.subjectleukemogenesis
dc.subjectleukopenia
dc.subjectminimal residual disease
dc.subjectmyelodysplasia
dc.subjectpreleukemia
dc.subjectpriority journal
dc.subjectrefractory anemia
dc.subjectrisk assessment
dc.subjectthrombocytopenia
dc.subjectAcute Disease
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectLeukemia, Myeloid
dc.subjectMolecular Diagnostic Techniques
dc.subjectMyelodysplastic Syndromes
dc.subjectPrognosis
dc.titleMyelodysplasia and the acute myeloid leukaemias
dc.typeArticle
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