The availability and diversity of food items sold in spaza shops around the Moletši area in the Limpopo Province : a cross-sectional study
| dc.contributor.advisor | Beukes, Ronel | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Setati, Matlou Bartina | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.other | Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Global Health. Human Nutrition. | en_ZA |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-03-08T10:31:44Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-04-29T12:52:43Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-09-09T03:00:10Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022-04 | |
| dc.description | Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2022. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | ENGLISH SUMMARY: Despite interventions through various community programmes, poverty, inequality, and food insecurity still exist in South Africa. Many rural areas still lack good infrastructure for accessibility and availability of nutritious and diverse food products. Spaza shops have and continue to be the main channel through which food is sold in remote areas without formal retail and provincial markets. It is therefore possible that these shops, if well supported, could play a major role in enhancing accessibility and availability of diverse food products to support food and nutrition security. Aim: Due to the rural challenges in formal retail and infrastructure, it was important to understand the availability and diversity of food products sold by spaza shops as well as the challenges these shops may be encountering in ensuring the availability of food products in villages around the Moletši area, Limpopo Province. Method: The study was based on exploratory and descriptive research designs and a quantitative method was undertaken by using a questionnaire to collect the data. The sample size consisted of 41 spaza shops. The collected data was analysed using the latest version of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software with a focus on the descriptive output. Results: Among others, the study found that the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) for spaza shops in the area was generally high and not dependent on the period in business and ownership, among spaza shops operating in the Moletši area. The results showed that there is no significant difference between foreign or local ownership nor the period of years in business and the DDS of the spaza shop. The study determined that the most predominantly available products in spaza shops are egg (95.1%), fish, condiments, and maize meal groups (92.7%), sugar-based and fats/oil-based food groups (90.2%), beans food groups (87.8%), meat, mostly chicken organs (85.4%), followed by fruits (70.7%), Vegetables (65.9%) and lastly potatoes (56.1%). The study also sought to understand the reasons behind the lack of availability of some food products. High on the list was the rate at which fruits and vegetables spoiled, making them unfit for human consumption; followed by the inability to stock up on potatoes due to storage and transport challenges. Another reason was the lack of funds for the shops to stock up on products. Socio-economic challenges found in the study correlate with previously reported research and the results indicated that lack of funds (24%), high level of competition (20%), lack of purchasing power/bulk purchasing ability (15%), lack of business management knowledge (12%) and lastly lack of stocking opportunities and transport challenges (7%) were prevalent. Recommendations: Concerning the results presented earlier, opportunity exist in more villages for entrepreneurs to enter the spaza shop sector if financially supported and equipped to mitigate against the challenges indicated. Spaza shops have a critical role to play in providing dietary diversity and spaza shop owners could plough back any profits, if any, equip themselves with business management skills and reach out to government support for additional support to maintain and even expand their businesses. Implications: The research is aligned to previous research in the case of challenges and less availability of fruits and vegetables, although the study area had a high DDS. Spaza shops (local or foreign owned) and related businesses in other rural areas, municipalities, traditional leadership, government business development and funding agencies and policymakers may draw vital lessons from this study. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ten spyte van ingrypings deur verskeie gemeenskapsprogramme, heers armoede, ongelykheid en voedselonsekerheid steeds in Suid-Afrika. Die meeste landelike gebiede kort steeds goeie infrastruktuur om toegang tot en beskikbaarheid van voedsame en diverse voedselprodukte te kry. Spaza-winkels bly sleutelrolspelers om voedsel in hierdie afgelee gebiede sonder formele kleinhandel- en provinsiale markte te verskaf. Dit blyk moontlik te wees dat spaza-winkels, indien hulle goed gesteun word, inderdaad ’n groot rol kan speel in die verbetering van toeganklikheid en beskikbaarheid van diverse voedselprodukte om voedsel- en voedingssekerheid te steun. Doel: As gevolg van die landelike uitdagings ten opsigte van die formele kleinhandel en infrastruktuur was dit belangrik om die beskikbaarheid en diversiteit van voedselprodukte wat deur spaza-winkels verkoop word te verstaan sowel as die uitdagings wat hierdie spaza-winkels kan ondervind om diverse voedselprodukte aan dorpie rondom Moletši area, Limpopo-provinsie te verskaf. Metode: Die studie is gebaseer op verkennende en beskrywende navorsingsontwerpe. Die kwantitatiewe metode is onderneem deur ’n vraelys te gebruik om die data in te samel. Die steekproefgrootte het bestaan uit 41 spaza-winkel-vraelyste wat volledig voltooi en teruggestuur is. Die data wat ingesamel is, is ontleed deur gebruik te maak van die nuutste weergawe van Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)-sagteware met ’n hooffokus op die beskrywende uitset. Resultate: Die studie het onder meer bevind dat die dieetdiversiteittelling vir spaza-winkels in die area oor die algemeen hoog was en nie van die tydperk in besigheid en eienaarskap afhanklik was nie, onder spaza-winkels wat in die Moletši-omgewing bedryf word. Die studieresultate het aangedui dat daar geen ooreenkoms tussen buitelandse of plaaslike eienaarskap of die tydperk in jare in besigheid en die dieetdiversiteitstelling van die spaza-winkel was nie. Die studie het vasgestel dat die produkte wat oorwegend die meeste in spaza-winkels beskikbaar is, die volgende is: eier (95,1%), vis, speserye en mieliemeelgroepe (92,7%), suikergebaseerde en vette/olie-gebaseerde voedselgroepe (90,2%), boontjiesvoedselgroepe (87,8%), vleis, meestal hoenderorgane (85,4%), gevolg deur vrugte (29, 70,7%), groente (65,9%) en laastens aartappels (56,1 %). Die studie het die redes bepaal wat die onbeskikbaarheid van verskeie voedselgroepe in die spazawinkels beinvloed het, wat verband hou met voorheen gerapporteerde navorsing. Bederf van vrugte en groente het hoog gelys, gevolg deur die koste van aartappels wat voorraadvermoe, berging en vervoeruitdagings belemmer het en dan ’n gebrek aan fondse as die algehele rede vir alle voedselgroepe, waar dit nie beskikbaar was nie. Sosio-ekonomiese uitdagings wat in die studie gevind is, stem ooreen met voorheen gerapporteerde navorsing en die resultate het dikwels gedui op gebrek aan fondse (24%), hoe vlak van mededinging (20%), gebrek aan koopkrag/groot koopvermoe (15%), gebrek aan sakebestuurskennis (12%) en laastens gebrek aan voorraadgeleenthede en vervoeruitdagings (7%). Aanbevelings: Indien die resultate wat vroeer aangebied is, aanvaar word, bestaan daar geleenthede in meer dorpie vir entrepreneurs in die spaza-winkelsektor, indien hulle finansieel gesteun en toegerus word om die uitdagings wat aangedui word die hoof te bied. Spaza-winkels het 'n kritieke rol om te speel in die daarstelling van dieetdiversiteit sodra hulle in besigheid is en spazawinkeleienaars kan enige wins terugploeg, indien daar enige wins is, hulself toerus met sakebestuursvaardighede en vir bykomende regeringsteun vir hul besighede aansoek doen. Implikasies: Die navorsing is belyn met vorige navorsing ten opsigte van uitdagings en minder beskikbaarheid van vrugte en groente, alhoewel die studiearea ’n hoe dieetdiversiteitstelling gehad het. Spaza-winkels (plaaslik of buitelands besit) en verwante besighede in ander landelike gebiede, munisipaliteite, tradisionele leierskap, regeringsakeontwikkelings- en befondsingsagentskappe en beleidmakers kan belangrike lesse uit hierdie studie leer. | af_ZA |
| dc.description.version | Masters | |
| dc.embargo.terms | 2022-09-09 | |
| dc.format.extent | 83 pages : illustrations, maps, includes annexures | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/125071 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_ZA | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University | |
| dc.rights.holder | Stellenbosch University | |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Home-based businesses -- Limpopo (South Africa) | en_ZA |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Informal sector -- Limpopo (South Africa) | en_ZA |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Food security -- Limpopo (South Africa) | en_ZA |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Food supply -- Limpopo (South Africa) | en_ZA |
| dc.subject.name | UCTD | |
| dc.title | The availability and diversity of food items sold in spaza shops around the Moletši area in the Limpopo Province : a cross-sectional study | en_ZA |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_ZA |
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