Childhood tuberculosis: An emerging and previously neglected problem

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorMarais B.J.
dc.contributor.authorSchaaf H.S.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T16:16:37Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T16:16:37Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.description.abstractAlthough awareness is growing, childhood tuberculosis (TB) remains a neglected disease in many resource-limited settings. In part this reflects operational difficulties, lack of visibility in official reports, as well as perceptions that children tend to develop mild disease, contribute little to disease transmission, and do not affect epidemic control. At an international level there is greater appreciation that children contribute significantly to the global TB disease burden and suffer severe TB-related morbidity and mortality, particularly in TB-endemic areas, where the disease often remains undiagnosed. However, this is not always the case at the national or local level and there remains an urgent need for feasible and implementable policies to guide clinical practice. Pediatric TB can be regarded as an emerging epidemic in areas where the adult epidemic remains out of control and Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission is ongoing. This article reviews important concepts, challenges, and management principles related to childhood TB; it also summarizes the main priorities for future research. © 2010 Elsevier Inc.
dc.description.versionReview
dc.identifier.citationInfectious Disease Clinics of North America
dc.identifier.citation24
dc.identifier.citation3
dc.identifier.issn08915520
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.idc.2010.04.004
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/13863
dc.subjectamikacin
dc.subjectantiretrovirus agent
dc.subjectBCG vaccine
dc.subjectcapreomycin
dc.subjectcotrimoxazole
dc.subjectethambutol
dc.subjectethionamide
dc.subjectgamma interferon
dc.subjectisoniazid
dc.subjectisoniazid plus rifampicin
dc.subjectkanamycin
dc.subjectlinezolid
dc.subjectmoxifloxacin
dc.subjectplacebo
dc.subjectpyrazinamide
dc.subjectquinoline derived antiinfective agent
dc.subjectrifampicin
dc.subjecttuberculostatic agent
dc.subjectantibiotic sensitivity
dc.subjectaspiration biopsy
dc.subjectbacterial transmission
dc.subjectbacterium culture
dc.subjectchild
dc.subjectchildhood disease
dc.subjectclinical trial
dc.subjectcytokine release
dc.subjectdiagnostic accuracy
dc.subjectdiagnostic test
dc.subjectdiagnostic value
dc.subjectdrug blood level
dc.subjectdrug intermittent therapy
dc.subjectdrug megadose
dc.subjectdrug penetration
dc.subjectendemic disease
dc.subjectepidemic
dc.subjectextrapulmonary tuberculosis
dc.subjectfeces analysis
dc.subjecthealth care delivery
dc.subjecthealth care policy
dc.subjecthealth care quality
dc.subjecthealth program
dc.subjecthealth promotion
dc.subjecthigh resolution computer tomography
dc.subjecthighly active antiretroviral therapy
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjectHuman immunodeficiency virus
dc.subjectHuman immunodeficiency virus infection
dc.subjectimmune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
dc.subjectimmunoassay
dc.subjectincidence
dc.subjectinfection risk
dc.subjectlung lavage
dc.subjectmiliary tuberculosis
dc.subjectmixed infection
dc.subjectmonotherapy
dc.subjectmultidrug resistant tuberculosis
dc.subjectMycobacterium tuberculosis
dc.subjectnasopharyngeal aspiration
dc.subjectnonhuman
dc.subjectnucleic acid amplification
dc.subjectpatient compliance
dc.subjectpostprimary tuberculosis
dc.subjectpractice guideline
dc.subjectprevalence
dc.subjectpublic health problem
dc.subjectpublic health service
dc.subjectrecommended drug dose
dc.subjectretreatment
dc.subjectreview
dc.subjectsensitivity and specificity
dc.subjectshort course therapy
dc.subjectsingle drug dose
dc.subjectsputum smear
dc.subjectthorax radiography
dc.subjecttuberculin test
dc.subjecttuberculosis
dc.subjecttuberculosis control
dc.subjecttuberculous meningitis
dc.subjecturinalysis
dc.subjectvirus transmission
dc.subjectAge Factors
dc.subjectAntitubercular Agents
dc.subjectChild
dc.subjectChild, Preschool
dc.subjectCommunicable Diseases, Emerging
dc.subjectDrug Resistance, Bacterial
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectIncidence
dc.subjectMycobacterium tuberculosis
dc.subjectPrevalence
dc.subjectTuberculosis
dc.titleChildhood tuberculosis: An emerging and previously neglected problem
dc.typeReview
Files
Collections
Stellenbosch University - Scopus Tygerberg Hospital Publications