Frequency sensitive mechanism in low-intensity ultrasound enhanced bioeffects

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dc.contributor.authorMiller, April D.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorChama, Abdoulkadrien_ZA
dc.contributor.authorLouw, Tobias M.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSubramanian, Anuradhaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorViljoen, Hendrik J.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2019-02-22T14:03:20Z
dc.date.available2019-02-22T14:03:20Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.descriptionCITATION: Miller, A. D., et al. 2017. Frequency sensitive mechanism in low-intensity ultrasound enhanced bioeffects. PLoS ONE, 12(8):e0181717, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181717.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at https://journals.plos.org/plosone
dc.description.abstractThis study presents two novel theoretical models to elucidate frequency sensitive nuclear mechanisms in low-intensity ultrasound enhanced bioeffects. In contrast to the typical 1.5 MHz pulsed ultrasound regime, our group previously experimentally confirmed that ultrasound stimulation of anchored chondrocytes at resonant frequency maximized gene expression of load inducible genes which are regulatory markers for cellular response to external stimuli. However, ERK phosphorylation displayed no frequency dependency, suggesting that the biochemical mechanisms involved in enhanced gene expression is downstream of ERK phosphorylation. To elucidate such underlying mechanisms, this study presents a theoretical model of an anchored cell, representing an in vitro chondrocyte, in an ultrasound field. The model results showed that the mechanical energy storage is maximized at the chondrocyte’s resonant frequency and the energy density in the nucleus is almost twice as high as in the cytoplasm. Next, a mechanochemical model was developed to link the mechanical stimulation of ultrasound and the increased mechanical energy density in the nucleus to the downstream targets of the ERK pathway. This study showed for the first time that ultrasound stimulation induces frequency dependent gene expression as a result of altered rates of transcription factors binding to chromatin.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0181717
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent15 pages
dc.identifier.citationMiller, A. D., et al. 2017. Frequency sensitive mechanism in low-intensity ultrasound enhanced bioeffects. PLoS ONE, 12(8):e0181717, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181717
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203 (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181717
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/105463
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Science
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyright
dc.subjectUltrasound stimulationen_ZA
dc.subjectBiochemical markersen_ZA
dc.subjectBiochemical geneticsen_ZA
dc.subjectPhosphorylationen_ZA
dc.subjectUltrasound stimulationen_ZA
dc.subjectGenetic regulationen_ZA
dc.subjectGenetic expressionen_ZA
dc.titleFrequency sensitive mechanism in low-intensity ultrasound enhanced bioeffectsen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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