A computationally inexpensive energy model for horizontal electric water heaters with scheduling
Date
2016-03
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Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Electric water heaters (EWHs) remain one of the
main contributors to energy consumption in countries where
they are used. EWH models serve as a step towards achieving
optimised control, and can also be used to inform users of
expected savings due to changes, if the model is energy-based.
Various models have been proposed, but none of them include
more than half of the six key features that the model presented in
this paper supports: horizontal orientation; schedule control; low
computational complexity; validation of the model; multinodal
stratification; and multinodal standing losses. The presented
model is validated against six datasets: four comprising 900
hours with multiple water usage events; and two with only
standing losses. The results show that the model estimates energy
consumption over ten days including usage with an error of less
than 2% and 5% for schedule control and thermostat control
respectively. The simulation model is simple enough to execute
ten days of simulation in less than 100 milliseconds on a standard
desktop machine, 150 times faster than a prominent model from
literature, making it also suitable for large scale simulations or
for use on mobile devices.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen opsomming beskikbaar
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen opsomming beskikbaar
Description
Keywords
Electric water heaters, Energy consumption, Power supply, Electric, Blackouts, Electric power, Demand-side management (Electric utilities)