Transitioning existing cities’ urban infrastructure towards smart sustainable cities.

Date
2023-03-01
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Traditionally, the development and management of urban subsystems was seen as a basic engineering and administrative task. The infrastructural system approaches developed throughout the 20th century within the Western context are not adequate to address the current and future challenges that face cities. Smart cities and sustainable cities are urban concepts in their own right, both aimed to address these challenges. Individually both present advantages, shortcomings and discrepancies towards the other. Sustainable cities tend to focus on the resource management of a city, and the sustainability impacts within the city boundaries. Smart cities have the ability to address complex urban challenges, especially related to city infrastructure and its operation and functionality. Recent research has motivated a focus towards amalgamating sustainability and smart city design, giving rise to the smart sustainable city concept. Cities are complex adaptive and dynamic systems-of-systems with embedded social and technical interdependences, which evolved and developed over many years. It is therefore important to address urban transformation in terms of scale, and linkages across levels, systems and regions. Transformation towards smart sustainable cities requires transitioning and the modernisation of urban infrastructure systems. There is currently an absence in literature of a holistic management framework for smart sustainable city transitions. An extensive literature review is presented investigating important themes, such as the origins, characteristics, benefits, challenges, perspectives, and evaluation of smart sustainable cities. Complex systems theory is explored, whereby a complex adaptive systems perspective is identified as a meaningful way to conceptualise and understand smart sustainable cities and the associated dynamics. Existing approaches and methods regarding city and infrastructure transitioning were also reviewed to draw understanding, requirements and guidelines useful to the design of the framework. The conceptual framework is established through synthesis of knowledge and insight gathered from literature to form a unique solution for the planning, development and management of smart sustainable infrastructure transitions. A collective case study analysis is used to validate the theoretical framework, testing twenty foundational aspects of city transitions. Minor adaptations, based on the reflections made regarding the aspects, were made to successfully address any shortcomings. The framework was then also subjected to a validation process testing the appropriateness of the framework’s design using a Delphi technique and industry experts. After adapting the framework according to the feedback from experts, all of them were certain the framework would hold up in practice. The framework is intended as a generic guideline useful to municipal managers, city-planners, and project portfolio managers appointed to plan, direct and manage the transition of an existing city towards a smart sustainable city. The framework provides explicit guidelines needed to guide and manage the city transitioning process in practice, and can be adapted to align with the unique context and needs of the specific city it is applied to. The research contributes to knowledge creation at the intersection of three knowledge domains, namely: smart sustainable cities, urban infrastructure transitioning, and complex adaptive systems.
AFRIKAANS OPSOMMING: Die ontwikkeling en bestuur van stedelike substelsels was tradisioneel beskou as ’n basiese ingenieurs- en administratiewe taak. Die infrastruktuurbenaderings wat gedurende die 20ste eeu binne die Westerse konteks ontwikkel is, is nie voldoende om die huidige en toekomstige uitdagings in stede aan te spreek nie. Slim stede en volhoubare stede is eiesoortige konsepte van stadsontwikkeling wat albei daarop gemik is om hierdie uitdagings aan te spreek. Beide bied voordele, nadele en teenstrydighede teenoor die ander. Volhoubare stede behels ’n fokus op die hulpbronbestuur en volhoubaarheidsimpak binne stede. Slim stede bied die geleentheid om komplekse uitdagings te ondersoek met behulp van intelligente dataversameling, verwerking en bestuur, veral in verband met die funksionaliteit van stadsinfrastruktuur. Onlangse navorsing het ’n fokus op die samesmelting van volhoubaarheid en slim stadsontwerp gemotiveer, wat gelei het tot die slim, volhoubare stad konsep. Stede is komplekse en dinamiese stelsels-van-stelsels met gevestigde sosio-tegniese interafhanklikhede wat oor baie jare ontwikkel. Dit is dus belangrik om stadstransformasie aan te spreek op verskeie vlakke. Transformasie na slim volhoubare stede vereis oorgangsmodernisering van infrastruktuurstelsels. In die literatuur bestaan daar tans ’n behoefte vir ’n holistiese bestuursraamwerk vir slim volhoubare stadsoorgang. ’n Literatuuroorsig word aangebied waarin belangrike temas ondersoek word, soos die oorsprong, kenmerke, voordele, uitdagings, benaderings en evaluering van slim volhoubare stede. Komplekse sisteemteorie word ondersoek, waardeur ’n komplekse aanpassingstelselperspektief geïdentifiseer word as ’n sinvolle manier om slim, volhoubare stede en die gepaardgaande dinamika te konseptualiseer. Bestaande benaderings ten opsigte van infrastruktuurverandering is ook hersien om insig, vereistes en riglyne te bekom wat nuttig is vir die ontwerp van die raamwerk. Die konseptuele raamwerk word gevestig deur sintese van kennis wat versamel is uit literatuur om ’n unieke oplossing te vorm vir die beplanning, ontwikkeling en bestuur van slim volhoubare infrastruktuuroorgange. ’n Gevallestudie-analise is gebruik om die teoretiese raamwerk te verifieer. Aanpassings, gebaseer op waarnemings wat gemaak is uit geïdentifiseerde aspekte, is aangebring om tekortkominge sinvol aan te spreek. Die raamwerk is dan ook aan ’n valideringsproses onderwerp deur multidissiplinêre kundiges te gebruik om die raamwerk te oorsien met behulp van die Delphi-tegniek. Nadat die raamwerk volgens die terugvoer van kundiges aangepas is, was daar konsensus dat die raamwerk in die praktyk geslaagd sal wees. Die raamwerk is ’n generiese gids vir munisipale bestuurders, stadsbeplanners en projek-portefeuljebestuurders betrokke by oorgangsbeplanning vir ’n bestaande stad na ’n slim, volhoubare stad. Die raamwerk bevat riglyne wat nodig is om die proses van stadsoorgang in die praktyk te beplan en te implementeer, en kan aangepas word vir unieke kontekste en behoeftes van verskeie stede.
Description
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2023.
Keywords
Citation