Physiological and growth responses to pollutant-induced biochemical changes in plants : a review

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dc.contributor.authorMulenga, C.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorClarke, C.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMeincken, M.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2022-02-14T08:52:02Z
dc.date.available2022-02-14T08:52:02Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.descriptionCITATION: Mulenga, C., Clarke, C. & Meincken, M. 2020. Physiological and growth responses to pollutant-induced biochemical changes in plants : a review. Pollution, 6(4):827-848, doi:10.22059/poll.2020.303151.821.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir
dc.description.abstractENGLISH ABSTRACT: Industrial activities compromise the ambient air quality at a local, regional and global level through gaseous and dust emissions. This study reviews uptake mechanisms and the associated phytotoxicity of pollutants in plants, focusing on heavy metals and SO2. It further describes detoxification mechanisms and the resultant biochemical and physiological changes in plants. Finally, the morpho-physiological and growth responses to stress-induced biochemical changes are discussed. Heavy metals and SO2 enter the plant tissue through the stomata, cuticular layers, lenticels and root hairs. In the plant cells, SO2 converts to SO32- or SO42- ions upon reacting with water molecules, which in excess are toxic to plants. However, the detoxification process of SO32- increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are toxic to plants and damages biomolecules such as lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and DNA. On the other hand, heavy metals, such as Cu and Fe catalyse the Fenton/Haber-Weiss reactions, breaking down H2O2 into OH•. Additionally, Pb and Zn inhibit the activities of ROS-detoxifying enzymes, while other heavy metals bind to cellular layers making them rigid, thereby reducing cell division. Therefore, pollutant toxicity in plants affects biochemical parameters damaging organic molecules and limiting cambial activity. Damaged biomolecules inhibit the plant's capacity to carry out physiological functions, such as photosynthesis, stomatal functions, transpiration and respiration while impaired cambial activity reduces cell division and elongation resulting in reduced plant growth and productivity.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_78852.html
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent22 pagesen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMulenga, C., Clarke, C. & Meincken, M. 2020. Physiological and growth responses to pollutant-induced biochemical changes in plants : a review. Pollution, 6(4):827-848, doi:10.22059/poll.2020.303151.821.
dc.identifier.issn2383-4501 (online)
dc.identifier.issn2383-451X (print)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.22059/poll.2020.303151.821
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/124159
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherUniversity of Tehranen_ZA
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyrighten_ZA
dc.subjectBiochemistryen_ZA
dc.subjectHeavy metalsen_ZA
dc.subjectBiomoleculesen_ZA
dc.subjectPlant ecophysiologyen_ZA
dc.titlePhysiological and growth responses to pollutant-induced biochemical changes in plants : a reviewen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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