Food utilisation in the national school nutrition programme at Quintile 1-3 Schools in the Cape Metro Districts of the Western Cape Province, South Africa : a descriptive cross-sectional study

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dc.contributor.advisorBeukes, Ronel Annamarieen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorPetersen, Ilseen_ZA
dc.contributor.otherStellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Global Health. Human Nutrition.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-08T10:47:14Z
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-29T12:55:01Z
dc.date.available2022-09-09T03:00:08Z
dc.date.issued2022-04
dc.descriptionThesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2021.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractENGLISH SUMMARY: Introduction: The National Schools Nutrition Programme (NSNP) was implemented in 1994 with the aim to improve educational outcomes through relieving acute hunger relief, and to improve school attendance and learning capacity. The overlooked element of food wastage at school level could be an obstacle to achieve this. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the enablers and barriers to food utilisation in the NSNP at Quintile 1-3 schools in the metro districts of the Western Cape Province. The objectives were to determine the feasibility as well as the attitudes of volunteer food handlers (VFHs) towards implementing potential interventions to address the causes of food wastage in the NSNP at Quintile 1-3 schools in the metro districts of the Western Cape. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to obtain data to determine the enablers and barriers to food utilisation and the attitude of the VFHs through descriptive analyses. A questionnaire was designed to obtain the perceptions from the VFHs. After approval had been received from the Western Cape Education Department (WCED), a list of schools in the four districts was used to stratify schools across districts and quintiles. The questionnaires, a letter to the school explaining the study, and consent forms were emailed to schools. Participants were requested to return the completed forms via email. Data were captured and analysed by means of Microsoft Excel with the help of a statistician. Descriptive statistics in the form of frequency (%) and pivot tables were used to describe the situation of potential causes of food wastage. A Chi-square test was conducted to examine if there was a relationship between the VFHs’ experience in food service and statements made regarding their perceived perception of learners relating to the food served as well as their own perception of food wastage. Results: Of the final study sample of 48 participants, 56.25% were isiXhosa-speaking, 95.83% women, aged from 35 to 44 with 58.33% with less than a high school certificate, while 27 participants (57.45%) had not worked in food service before but 27 (54.17%) had been VFHs for up to five years. Enablers for food utilisation were identified as sufficient refrigeration, alternate uses for food wastage, and meals served warm, at the same time every day. Twenty-three (47.92%) of the 48 participants said there was not enough working refrigeration to store all fresh food and 31 (64.58%) participants said the expired food was thrown away. The utilisation of food by the VFHs have indicated the possible barriers for food utilisation included insufficient refrigeration, throwing away food, type of food served, and portion size of meals. Conclusions: As suggested by the results, it is possible that food wastage exists. The low response rate of participants resulted in a limited ability to answer the research question. Food utilisation in relation to the prevalence of potential causes of food wastage at schools that implement the NSNP could not be compared between Quintile 1-3 schools. However, the study did create a premise for future studies to determine this.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Inleiding: Die Nasionale Skole Voedingsprogram (NSVP) is die keer in 1994 in werking gestel met die doel om onderwys-uitkomste deur die verligting van akute honger te verbeter en om skoolbywoning en leervermoe te verbeter. Die miskende element van voedselvermorsing op skoolvlak kon ‘n hindernis wees om dit te vermag. Doelwitte: Die doel van die studie was om die instaatstellers en hindernisse tot voedselgebruik, die gewilligheid van vrywillige voedselbewerkers (VVB’s) om potensiele ingrypings in werking te stel wat die oorsake van voedselvermorsing kon aanpak, asook die uitvoerbaarheid van die inwerkingstelling van ingrypings om die oorsake van voedselvermorsing in die NSVP by kwintiel 1-3 skole in die metrodistrikte van die Wes-Kaap te bepaal. Metodes: ‘n Dwarssnit studie-ontwerp is gebruik om data te verkry om die instaatstellers en hindernisse tot voedselgebruik en die houding van die VVB’s der middel van beskrywende ontledings te bepaal. ‘n Vraelys is ontwerp om die persepsies van die VVB’s te verkry. Nadat goedkeuring van die Wes-Kaapse Onderwysdepartement (WKOD) ontvang is, is ‘n lys van skole in die vier distrikte gebruik om skole oor distrikte en kwintiele heen te stratifiseer. Die vraelyste, ‘n brief aan die skool om die studie te verduidelik en die instemmingsbriewe is per e-pos aan skole gestuur. Deelnemers is versoek om die voltooide vorms per e-pos terug te stuur. Data is vasgele en deur middel van Microsoft Excel en die hulp van ‘n statistikus ontleed. Beskrywende statistiek in die vorm van frekwensie- (%) en spiltabelle is gebruik om die situasie van potensiele oorsake van voedselvermorsing te beskryf. ‘n Chi-kwadraattoets is uitgevoer om die verhouding tussen die VVB’s se ervarings in voedseldienste en hul eie gewaarwordings van voedselvermorsing tesame met leerders se gewaarwordings van die voedsel wat bedien is, te ondersoek. Resultate: Die finale studie-steekproef het uit 48 deelnemers bestaan, 56.25% was isiXhosa-sprekend, 95.83% vroue tussen die ouderdomme van 35 en 44 waar 58.33% minder as ‘n hoerskoolsertifikaat, terwyl 27 deelneemers (57.45%) nie voorheen in voedseldienste gewerk het nie maar 27 (54.17%) was vir tot vyf jaar VVB’s. Instaatstellers vir voedselgebruik is geidentifiseer as voldoende verkoeling, alternatiewe gebruike vir voedselafval, en warm bediende etes op dieselfde tyd elke dag. Hindernisse vir voedselgebruik het onvoldoende verkoeling, weggooi van voedsel, die soort voedsel wat bedien word, en ete-porsies ingesluit waar drie-en-twintig (47.92%) deelnemers (n = 48) gese het dat daar nie genoeg verkoeling was vir vars kos nie en een-en-derig (64.58%) deelneemers gese het dat vervalde kos weggegooi word. Gevolgtrekkings: Die lae responskoers van hierdie studie het die ontleding van die data geaffekteer en ‘n beperkte vermoe om die navorsingsvraag te beantwoord, tot gevolg gehad. Soos deur die resultate voorgestel, is dit moontlik dat voedselvermorsing bestaan. Die studie steekproef was te klein om voedselvermorsing by skole wat die NSVP by kwintiel 1-3 skole in die metrodistrikte van die Wes-Kaap in werking stel, te ontleed. Die studie het egter ‘n grondslag daargestel vir toekomstige studies om dit te bepaal.af_ZA
dc.description.versionMasters
dc.embargo.terms2022-09-09
dc.format.extentxvi, 80 pages : illustrations, maps, includes annexures
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/125124
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherStellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
dc.rights.holderStellenbosch University
dc.subject.lcshSchool children -- Nutrition -- Western Cape (South Africa)en_ZA
dc.subject.lcshWaste (Economics) -- Western Cape (South Africa)en_ZA
dc.subject.lcshFood waste -- Prevention -- Western Cape (South Africa)en_ZA
dc.subject.lcshFood security -- Western Cape (South Africa)en_ZA
dc.subject.nameUCTD
dc.titleFood utilisation in the national school nutrition programme at Quintile 1-3 Schools in the Cape Metro Districts of the Western Cape Province, South Africa : a descriptive cross-sectional studyen_ZA
dc.typeThesisen_ZA
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