The fourth industrial revolution : a case study of the impact of the Internet of Things on road travellers in the Western Cape

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dc.contributor.advisorAjam, Taniaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorFisher, Darrenen_ZA
dc.contributor.otherStellenbosch University. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. School of Public Leadership.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2023-11-30T21:35:20Z
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-08T23:14:40Z
dc.date.available2023-11-30T21:35:20Z
dc.date.available2024-01-08T23:14:40Z
dc.date.issued2023-12
dc.descriptionThesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2023.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractENGLISH SUMMARY: The research conducted for this study explored a component of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), most notably the Internet of Things (IoT). The research was a case study based on the impact of the IoT on road users in the City of Cape Town (CoCT) in the Western Cape province of South Africa. The 4IR is loosely premised on the flow of information across enabled devices to enable users to access a service – in this case, road users must have access to information that will enable them to make decisions on optimising their travel experience in the CoCT. An IoT system requires a critical mass of users for it to be effective. Staggered access to the IoT will result in a digital divide, which is a stymieing factor to the provision of seamless services to citizens, especially road users in the CoCT. Such digital divide can be caused by several factors that include, inter alia, the adaptability of IoT applications to an environment, the interoperability of disjointed systems and the ease of access to the system by citizens. A key aim of the research was to analyse the legislative and policy gaps that exist in the process of advancing, implementing and adapting IoT technologies for use on the roads of the CoCT. The exponential growth of the IoT has brought about a significant challenge in the way governmental and other regulatory bodies attempt to create a semblance of standardisation. A global standard has yet to be developed, not least a country strategy nor a provincial strategy. If the boundaries of the fields applicable to the IoT are not defined and made distinct, the undertaking of developing the ideal policy may prove to be arduous. Public administrators have difficulty pinpointing a direct source of law or relevant historical background on which to base decisions relating to the most appropriate approach to the IoT. There is no one piece of legislation dedicated to the IoT in South Africa (SA). There exist several diverse pieces of legislation related to information technology, disjointed elements of which can be extracted to regulate the IoT in South Africa. It is therefore a significant omission that there is no dedicated legislation regarding the IoT in South Africa. The case of the IoT in advancing transport efficiency on the roads of the CoCT provides an opportunity to assess the value that public–private partnerships (PPPs) can add. The research provides an evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of the IoT in relation to roads in the CoCT, in particular the minibus taxis and the MyCiTi bus coaches managed by the CoCT. Risks exist with the technology; however, the advantages outweigh the risks associated with the IoT in the case of the CoCT. The symbiotic relationship between the partners in a PPP is relative to its success. In the case of the CoCT, the goal is to provide a cost-effective, efficient transport support service. PPPs are often complex structures, the more complex the higher the associated costs. In addition, the higher the number of participants involved in the implementation of a PPP, the higher the level of complexity, hence the higher the risk of failure. The research concludes with the assertion that the presence of the IoT is better than having no IoT. There is still much that needs to be done to optimise the use of the IoT to benefit road users in the CoCT and the system requires constant updates, because nothing works together unless everything works together.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsing wat vir hierdie studie uitgevoer is, het gefokus op ʼn komponent van die Vierde Industriele Revolusie (4IR), naamlik die Internet van Dinge (IoT). Hierdie navorsing was ʼn gevallestudie gegrond op die impak van die IoT op padverbruikers in die Stad Kaapstad in die Wes-Kaap-provinsie van Suid-Afrika. Die 4IR is losweg gegrond op die vloei van inligting oor geaktiveerde toestelle heen, wat verbruikers in staat stel om spesifieke dienste te gebruik – in hierdie geval moet padverbruikers toegang kan verkry tot inligting wat hulle in staat sal stel om besluite te neem om hul padverbruik in die Stad Kaapstad te optimaliseer. Die IoT-stelsel verg ʼn kritieke massa gebruikers om doeltreffend te funksioneer. Ongelyke toegang tot die IoT sal ʼn digitale skeiding veroorsaak, wat ʼn belemmerende faktor in die verskaffing van ʼn ononderbroke diens aan verbruikers is, veral in die geval van padverbruikers in die Stad Kaapstad. So ʼn digitale skeiding kan deur etlike faktore veroorsaak word, insluitende die aanpasbaarheid van IoT-toepassings by ʼn omgewing, die onderlinge haalbaarheid van onsamehangende stelsels en die gemak van toegang tot die stelsel deur burgers. Die vernaamste doel van hierdie navorsing was om die bestaande wetgewing en beleidsgapings in die prosesse van bevordering, implementering en aanvaarding van die IoT-tegnologie vir die gebruik op paaie in die Stad Kaapstad te ontleed. Die wesenlike groei van die IoT het ʼn betekenisvolle uitdaging meegebring vir die manier waarop die regering en ander regulerende instellings poog om standaardisering te bewerkstellig. ʼn Globale standaard moet nog ontwikkel word, en desnieteenstaande ook ʼn nasionale en ʼn provinsiale strategie. As die grense van die gebiede wat op die IoT van toepassing is nie gedefinieer en duidelik gestel word nie, kan die onderneming om die ideale beleid te ontwikkel, belemmer word. Publieke administrateurs ondervind uitdagings om die direkte bron van wetgewing of die toepaslike historiese agtergrond te bepaal waarop besluitneming oor die mees gepaste benadering tot die IoT gegrond moet word. Daar is geen toegewyde wetgewing vir die IoT in Suid-Afrika nie. Daar bestaan verskeie uiteenlopende wette wat met inligtingstegnologie verband hou, waarvan onsamehangende elemente onttrek kan word om die IoT in Suid-Afrika te reguleer. Dit is dus ʼn beduidende nalating dat daar geen toegewyde wetgewing rakende die IoT in Suid-Afrika is nie. Die gevallestudie van die IoT in die bevordering van doeltreffende vervoer op paaie in die Stad Kaapstad skep ʼn geleentheid om die waarde wat publieke–private vennootskappe kan toevoeg, te bepaal. Die navorsing bied ʼn evaluering van die voor- en nadele van die IoT met betrekking tot die paaie in die Stad Kaapstad, veral die minibustaxi’s en die MyCiTi-busse wat deur die Stad Kaapstad bestuur word. Daar is wel risiko’s verbonde aan hierdie tegnologie, maar die voordele oorskadu die risiko’s in hierdie gevallestudie. Die simbiotiese verhouding tussen die partye in publieke–private vennootskappe hou verband met die sukses daarvan. In die geval van die Stad Kaapstad is die doel om ʼn kostedoeltreffende, effektiewe vervoerdiens te lewer. Publieke-private vennootskappe is dikwels komplekse strukture, wat beduidende uitgawes inhou. Hoe meer deelnemers voorts by die implementering van ʼn publieke–private vennootskap betrokke is, hoe hoer die risiko van mislukking. Die navorsing sluit af met die stelling dat die teenwoordigheid van die IoT beter is as die totale afwesigheid daarvan. Daar is egter veel meer wat gedoen moet word om die gebruik van die IoT te optimaliseer om sodoende padverbruikers van die Stad Kaapstad te bevoordeel. Volgehoue toepassing is egter ʼn vereiste, aangesien niks sal saamwerk indien alles nie saamwerk nie.af_ZA
dc.description.versionMasters
dc.format.extentxii, 110 pages : illustrations, includes annexures
dc.identifier.urihttps://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/129123
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherStellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
dc.rights.holderStellenbosch University
dc.subject.lcshInternet of things -- Western Cape (South Africa)en_ZA
dc.subject.lcshFourth industrial revolution -- Western Cape (South Africa)en_ZA
dc.subject.nameUCTD
dc.titleThe fourth industrial revolution : a case study of the impact of the Internet of Things on road travellers in the Western Capeen_ZA
dc.typeThesisen_ZA
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