The challenges of developing countries transitioning to green transportation: a Cape Town case study.

Date
2024-03
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Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Transportation is the key driver of socioeconomic development. From a planning perspective, transportation creates networks, nodes, and corridors to increase the goods and services exchanged and consumed in an economy. Green transportation is gaining significance in the view of the public due to awareness that emissions and pollution from internal combustion engines ought to be addressed. This is of particular interest in the built environment to more efficiently distribute resources in society and ensure sustainability. In South Africa, the study analyses the viewpoints of the key stakeholders in industry and government to define the emergence of a nascent green transportation industry, to understand the current state of affairs on green transportation transitions, and the challenges and bottlenecks in establishing green transportation technology in South Africa. The study also critically analyses the effect of current policy on new energy vehicles. The study finds that there is a disconnect between the vision for green transportation in the built environment and the design standards and legislation implemented. Top-down proposals do not correlate with bottom-up regulations. Most policy is vague and uncertain on how to correlate taxes, subsidies, levies, infrastructure, and manufacturing regulations to protect the existing motor export industry whilst transitioning to green transportation technology. The key to green transportation transitions is to stimulate local new energy vehicle component production so that these vehicles can become more affordable to users in South Africa. This requires updating urban planning and design standards, the engagement of civic groups in a green technology micro-economy, adapting outdated policies, and strengthening local research in green technology. Most important is that the decisions must be just, creating additional jobs and economic growth with the future decline in demand for internal combustion engine vehicles.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vervoer is 'n hoofdrywer van sosio-ekonomiese ontwikkeling. Vanuit 'n beplannings-perspektief skep vervoer netwerke, nodusse en korridors om die uitruil en verbruik van goedere en dienste te verhoog. Die onderwerp van groen vervoer is besig om betekenis te ontvang in die publiek as gevolg van die bewustheid dat binnebrandenjin emissies en besoedeling aangespreek behoort te word. Hierdie is van besondere belang in die bouomgewing om hulpbronne meer doeltreffend in die samelewing te versprei en volhoubaarheid te verseker. In Suid-Afrika, ontleed die studie die standpunte van die sleutelbelanghebbendes in die industrie en die regering om die ontstaan van 'n ontluikende groen vervoerbedryf te definieer, om die huidige stand van sake oor groen vervoeroorgange te verstaan, en die uitdagings en knelpunte in die stiging van groen vervoertegnologie in Suid-Afrika te verstaan. Die studie ontleed ook die effek van huidige beleid op nuwe energievoertuie op ‘n krities manier. Die studie bevind dat daar 'n skeiding is tussen die visie vir groen vervoer in die geboude omgewing en die ïmplementering van ontwerpstandaarde en wetgewing. Bo-na-onder-voorstelle korreleer nie met onder-na-bo-regulasies nie. Die meeste beleid is vaag en onseker oor hoe om belastings, subsidies, heffings, infrastruktuur en vervaardigingsregulasies te korreleer om die bestaande motoruitvoerbedryf te beskerm terwyl daar oorgeskakel word na groen vervoertegnologie. Die sleutel tot groen vervoeroorgange is om die plaaslike produksie van nuwe energievoertuigkomponente so te stimuleer dat hierdie voertuie meer bekostigbaar vir Suid-Afrikaanse gebruikers kan word. Dit vereis die opdatering van stedelike beplanning en ontwerpstandaarde, die betrokkenheid van burgerlike groepe in 'n groen tegnologie mikro-ekonomie, die aanpassing van verouderde beleide en die versterking van plaaslike navorsing in groen tegnologie. Die belangrikste is dat die besluite regverdig moet wees, wat bykomende werksgeleenthede en ekonomiese groei moet skep ten midde van die toekomstige afname in die aanvraag na binnebrandenjinvoertuie.
Description
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2024.
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