The moderating role of resilience on the effect of work family conflict and occupational stress on burnout of deployed soldiers at South Africa-Zimbabwe border

Date
2022-12
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH SUMMARY: Military deployments are characterised by unique stressors that soldiers may not be exposed to in their everyday work routine while in their normal work environments. During deployment, soldiers are often placed under immense strain, which may affect their psychological wellbeing and contribute to ill health (Dolan & Adler, 2006). Studies indicate that soldiers are often confronted with long deployments coupled with extended periods of separation from their families and loved ones which could result in work-family conflict (WFC), occupational stress, and burnout. These sudden life changes also force military families to make life adjustments to accommodate the absent family member (van Wijk, 1997). As a result of these unique stressors, less resilient soldiers may be more susceptible to experiencing burnout than those who are highly resilient. This study followed a quantitative research approach where data was collected through a questionnaire made up of four scales, namely the Burnout Maslach Inventory, Work-Family Conflict Scale (WFCS), General Work Stress Scale (GWSS) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The study was conducted at the Border of South Africa-Zimbabwe in Musina and the target population was soldiers deployed in that environment. The population size was 700 and the sample size was n = 250. SPSS version 27.0 and LISREL 8.8 were employed for data analysis. Reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to analyse the data. Validity for all measurements was corroborated and a composite CFA was specifically performed for WFCS to corroborate the validity of this measure. The measurement model and the structural model fit were tested through structural equation modeling (SEM) and the goodness of fit indices were inspected to determine if a close fit was obtained. Both the overall measurement model and the structural model achieved good fit which indicates that the sample data fits the model well. A further inspection of the results indicated that both WFC and occupational stress have significant positive effects on burnout. The research results provided sufficient statistical evidence indicating that resilience moderates the relationship between occupational stress and burnout but could not provide sufficient statistical evidence to corroborate that resilience moderates the relationship between WFC and burnout.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Militere ontplooiings word deur eiesoortige stressors gekenmerk. Soldate word in die uitvoer van hul roetine eenheidstake en in hul daaglikse doen en late in hul onderskeie werksomgewings weg van ontplooiing nie aan hierdie stressors blootgestel nie. Tydens militere ontplooing word soldate dikwels onder geweldige spanning geplaas, wat hul sielkundige welstand negatief kan beinvloed en tot swak gesondheid kan bydra (Dolan & Adler, 2006). Navorsing het bevind dat soldate dikwels onderwerp word aan lang ontplooiingstydperke, gepaardgaande met uitgerekte periodes van gedwonge verwydering van gesinne en ander geliefdes. Hierdie stressors kan aanleiding gee tot werk-gesin konflik (WGK/[WFC]), werkspanning en sielkundige uitbranding. Sodanige skielike lewensveranderinge noop militere gesinne en hul families om leefstylveranderinge te maak om vir die afwesige huisgenoot te kompenseer (van Wijk, 1997). As gevolg van hierdie unieke stressors, kan minder weerstandige soldate ‘n groter geneigdheid tot uitbranding he as hulle wat hoogs weerstandig is. Hierdie navorsing het ‘n kwantitatiewe navorsingsbenadering gevolg. Data is versamel deur middel van ‘n vraelys wat bestaan uit vier skale, naamlik, die Maslach-uitbrandingsinventaris, Werk-Gesin Konflikskaal (WGKS/[WFCS]), Algemene Werkspanningskaal (AWSS/[GWSS]) en die Connor-Davidson Weerbaarheidskaal. Die studie is in Musina op die grens tussen Suid-Afrika en Zimbabwe uitgevoer. Die teikenpopulasie was soldate wat in die onmiddellike omgewing ontplooi het. Die populasiegrootte was 700, en die steekproef n = 250. SPSS weergawe 27.0 en LISREL 8.8 is vir data-analisie aangewend. Betroubaarheidsanalise, verkennende faktoranalise (VFA) en bevestigende faktoranalise (BVA) is gedoen om die data te analiseer. Geldigheid vir alle metings is bevestig, en ‘n saamgestelde BFA is spesifiek vir die WGKS uitgevoer om die geldigheid van meting te staaf. Die geskiktheid van die metingsmodel en die strukturele model is deur middel van strukturele vergelykingsmodellering (SVM) getoets, en pasgehalte-indekse is ontleed om vas te stel of pasgehalte inderdaad bereik is. Beide die oorhoofse metingsmodel en die strukturele model het pasgehalte opgelewer, wat daarop dui dat die steekproefdata die model goed pas. ‘n Verdere ondersoek van die resultate het aangedui dat beide WGK en werkspanning ‘n beduidend positiewe impak op uitbranding het. Die navorsingsresultate het voldoende statistiese bewyse gelewer dat weerstandigheid die verwantskap tussen werkspanning en uitbranding modereer, maar kon nie voldoende statistiese bewyse lewer dat weerstandigheid die verwantskap tussen WGK en uitbranding ook modereer.
Description
Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.
Keywords
Soldiers -- Job stress, Burn out (Psychology), Deployment (Strategy), UCTD
Citation