Time to think: fostering critical and creative thinking through a practice-based investigation of the effects of time and space in the field of art education

Date
2022-04
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: my own experience as an artist, I have found the relations between time, space, matter and self to be fascinating subjects. The effort of understanding the impact these notions have on our behaviours led me to think of these influences in a manner that enables critical and creative thinking within the context of art and art education. My research investigated the cognitive effects of time and space to explore new ways of understanding and viewing, using observation and awareness as a means of adopting critical and creative thoughts embodied in visual creations. We occupy space and time, and understand these notions through personal relations, but we do not always understand the impact they have on our behaviours and emotions. To some degree, we are all products of our environment. During the course of my postgraduate studies in Art Education, I was introduced to qualitative and post-qualitative research methods situated around a materialist perspective of being. With the use of these mixed methods I conducted research that aimed at discovering the possibilities of becoming aware of the intra-active agencies between human and non-human entities, and to reflect on the processes and happenings throughout. The research was conducted through a case study during the course of three weeks at a high school situated in the Western Cape with 21 Grade 11 learners. The aim of the research was to explore how the act of creating art can be used as a medium for critical, creative and reflective thinking. My focus was on shifting the understanding of art beyond the ‘realistic’, direct copying of life method of creating art that is commonly found in school curricula. From a materialist perspective, our current education system fails to recognise the impact of our own experiences and lived realities on understanding and developing new ways of knowing. By allowing learners to become part of a materialist perspective of mind, body and matter through art, I explored the possibilities of how they were able to become more aware of these interrelations and, in turn, develop a better sense of self. The conclusions of the findings suggest that high school learners have the critical and creative means to think of and with mind, body and matter to develop a greater understanding of themselves in relation to their surroundings. They also suggest the importance of art as a medium for learning to help develop the necessary critical, creative and reflective thinking processes for acquiring a better understanding of a given phenomenon. Art creates moments for self-discovery, self-reflection and self-inquiry that help individuals grow. Not only can learners achieve personal development through the act of creating, but they are also able to better understand the dynamics of instances that surround them.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In my eie ervaring as kunstenaar vind ek die verhoudings tussen tyd, ruimte, materie en self fassinerende onderwerpe. In ʼn poging om die impak van hierdie idees op ons gedrag te verstaan, het ek aan hierdie invloede begin dink op ʼn manier wat kritiese en kreatiewe denke in die konteks van kuns en kunsopvoeding moontlik maak. My navorsing het ʼn ondersoek behels na die kognitiewe effekte van tyd en ruimte om nuwe maniere van begrip en kyk te verken deur gebruik te maak van waarneming en bewustheid as ʼn manier om kritiese en kreatiewe gedagtes vergestalt in visuele skeppings aan te neem. Ons neem ruimte en tyd in beslag, en verstaan hierdie idees deur persoonlike verhoudings, maar ons verstaan nie altyd die impak wat dit op ons gedrag en emosies het nie. In ʼn mate is ons almal produkte van ons omgewing. Gedurende my nagraadse studie in kunsopvoeding is ek bekendgestel aan kwalitatiewe en post-kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes rakende ʼn materialistiese perspektief van bestaan. Met behulp van hierdie gemengde metodes het ek navorsing uitgevoer met die doel om die moontlikhede van bewuswording van die intra-aktiewe agentskappe tussen menslike en nie-menslike entiteite te ontdek, en oor die prosesse en gebeurtenisse na te dink. Die navorsing is uitgevoer deur middel van ʼn gevallestudie oor drie weke by ʼn hoërskool in die Wes-Kaap met 21 Graad 11-leerders. Die doel van die navorsing was om te ondersoek hoe die kunstelike proses van skepping gebruik kan word as ʼn medium vir kritiese, kreatiewe en besinnende denke. My fokus was daarop om die begrip van kuns te verskuif van die ‘realistiese’, direkte nabootsing van die lewe wat algemeen in skoolleerplanne voorkom. Vanuit ʼn materialistiese perspektief gee ons huidige onderwysstelsel nie erkenning aan die impak van ons eie ervarings en geleefde realiteite op die begrip en ontwikkeling van nuwe maniere om te weet nie. Deur leerders toe te laat om deel te word van ʼn materialistiese perspektief van verstand, liggaam en materie deur middel van kuns het ek ondersoek hoe hulle meer bewus kon word van hierdie onderlinge verwantskappe, en sodoende ʼn beter selfgevoel kon ontwikkel. Die gevolgtrekkings van die bevindinge dui daarop dat hoërskoolleerders die kritiese en kreatiewe middele het om van en met die verstand, liggaam en materie te dink om beter begrip van hulself in verhouding tot hul omgewing te ontwikkel. Dit dui ook op die belangrikheid van kuns as ʼn leermedium om die nodige kritiese, kreatiewe en besinnende denkprosesse te ontwikkel om beter begrip van ʼn gegewe verskynsel te ontwikkel. Kuns skep oomblikke van selfontdekking, selfbesinning en selfondersoek wat individue help groei. Kuns help leerders nie net om persoonlike ontwikkeling te bereik deur te skep nie, maar ook om die dinamika van gebeurtenisse wat hulle omring beter te verstaan.
Description
Thesis MA (VA)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.
Keywords
Art -- Study and teaching (Secondary), Creative ability in art, Creation (literary, artistic, etc.), Space and time in art, Space (Art), Critical thinking, Creative thinking, Creative activity and seat work, UCTD
Citation