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- ItemPerspectives on SDG indicators to assess the impact of transnational fisheries crime on the blue economy and anti-corruption: The case of abalone in South Africa(2020) Dr Ivy X.Q, Chen; Prof Christo, De ConingIt’s clear from the recent literature that environmental governance related to marine resources and especially transnational fisheries crime in the blue economy and corruption are receiving increasing attention and that a need exists to improve our understanding of how these factors impact on the attainment and measurement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The relative scope, size and impact, both positive and negative, that transnational fisheries crime in the blue economy and corruption have on the achievement of the SDGs are vastly underestimated. This Chapter argues that a need exists to develop monitoring and evaluation systems that can articulate such SDG impacts, using specific outcomes and indicators for this purpose. This Chapter has selected three (3) SDGs to illustrate the importance of further indicator development in this field. These include SDG 14 (Life below water), SDG 17 (Strengthen and revitalize global partnerships) and SDG 16 (Peace, justice and strong institutions). Although it is not possible to cover all existing indicators in the field of transnational fisheries crime in the blue economy and corruption, a specific emphasis have been placed on SDG indicators that involve partnerships with communities to address especially poaching in Coastal areas and a case study of the South African Abalone situation will be presented. This study examines the nature of transnational fisheries crime in the blue economy and corruption, their socio-economic consequences on a regional, national and international level with respect to the SDGs. An effort will be made to analyse the SDGs with respect to transnational fisheries crime and corruption to determine a framework for the assessment of socio-economic benefits and costs with respect to the SDG.